Territory boundaries of GPS-collared wolves from winter 2010–2011, road network and the location the study area.

• Main Authors: Ilpo Kojola (469975), Ville Hallikainen (5150468), Samuli Heikkinen (11886245), Jukka T. Forsman (8660328), Tuomas Kukko (11886248), Jyrki Pusenius (3839944), Paasivaara Antti (11886251)
• Format: Still Image
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Ecology; Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified; year time series; canis lupus </; another independent variable; alces alces </; 1996 – 2017; generalized linear mixed; apparent competition whereby; apparent competition hypothesis; wild forest reindeer; existing prey species; alternative prey hypothesis; 2 </ sup; general linear models; primary prey decreases; reindeer population size; wolf population size; moose population size; apparent competition; population size; performed linear; primary prey; wolf population; population dynamics; secondary prey; reindeer focuses; prey community; prey biomass; xlink ">; wolf (<; two hypotheses; two co; summer predation; study period; show long; resulting pseudo; reproductive output; positively associated; negatively associated; negatively affects; negative predictions; mutually exclusive; moose populations; moose (<; last years; increased predation; heavily managed; habitat restoration; first years; female ratio; consecutive winters; almost identical; Alces alces; Canis lupus
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259246.g001

Territory boundaries of GPS-collared wolves from winter 2010–2011, road network and the location the study area.