In situ bowhead whale brain.

• Main Authors: David A. Waugh (4768380), J. G. M. Thewissen (11495416)
• Format: Still Image
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Biophysics; Genetics; Neuroscience; Evolutionary Biology; Ecology; Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified; Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified; 5 million years; include additional data; body mass using; body mass alter; provide new data; fossil cetacean eq; relative brain size; brain size increased; cetaceans </ p; cetacean eq evolution; cetacean evolution; brain mass; size change; sample size; new dataset; extant cetaceans; early evolution; eq coincided; estimate brain; data show; xlink ">; terrestrial artiodactyls; sudden increase; skeletal proxy; single method; significant increase; scaling coefficients; previous works; perceived timing; oligocene transition; oligocene boundary; modern suborders; modern mammals; middle miocene; methods used; endocranial volume; encephalization quotient; direct proxy; bowhead whale
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257803.g003

Bowhead (NSB-DWM 2009B11) with the calvarium removed exposing the brain; yellow arrows indicate now empty space between the brain and calvarium; oc, occipital condyle; (A) brain covered by intact dura which has collapsed onto the brain after the cerebrospinal fluid leaked out; note the small size of the spinal cord (white dashed circle) which is surrounded by the cranial rete mirabile (white arrow). (B) brain with dura removed exposing gyri of the cerebrum (upper) and cerebellum and brainstem (lower).