Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF
Background: Climate change is leading to increased water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels at sea-cage sites, and this is a challenge that the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry must adapt to it if it needs to grow sustainably. However, to do this, the industry must better understand how sea-...
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ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/16418097 2023-05-15T15:32:21+02:00 Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF Anthony K. Gamperl (8898704) Zoe A. Zrini (11323140) Rebeccah M. Sandrelli (10347606) 2021-08-24T04:48:22Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594.s002 unknown https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic_Salmon_Salmo_salar_Cage-Site_Distribution_Behavior_and_Physiology_During_a_Newfoundland_Heat_Wave_PDF/16418097 doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.719594.s002 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Physiology Exercise Physiology Nutritional Physiology Reproduction Cell Physiology Systems Physiology Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Comparative Physiology Physiology not elsewhere classified salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth heart rate variability data storage tags Dataset 2021 ftsmithonian https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594.s002 2021-12-20T03:43:39Z Background: Climate change is leading to increased water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels at sea-cage sites, and this is a challenge that the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry must adapt to it if it needs to grow sustainably. However, to do this, the industry must better understand how sea-cage conditions influence the physiology and behavior of the fish. Method: We fitted ~2.5 kg Atlantic salmon on the south coast of Newfoundland with Star-Oddi milli-HRT ACT and Milli-TD data loggers (data storage tags, DSTs) in the summer of 2019 that allowed us to simultaneously record the fish's 3D acceleration (i.e., activity/behavior), electrocardiograms (and thus, heart rate and heart rate variability), depth, and temperature from early July to mid-October. Results: Over the course of the summer/fall, surface water temperatures went from ~10–12 to 18–19.5°C, and then fell to 8°C. The data provide valuable information on how cage-site conditions affected the salmon and their determining factors. For example, although the fish typically selected a temperature of 14–18°C when available (i.e., this is their preferred temperature in culture), and thus were found deeper in the cage as surface water temperatures peaked, they continued to use the full range of depths available during the warmest part of the summer. The depth occupied by the fish and heart rate were greater during the day, but the latter effect was not temperature-related. Finally, while the fish generally swam at 0.4–1.0 body lengths per second (25–60 cm s −1 ), their activity and the proportion of time spent using non-steady swimming (i.e., burst-and-coast swimming) increased when feeding was stopped at high temperatures. Conclusion: Data storage tags that record multiple parameters are an effective tool to understand how cage-site conditions and management influence salmon (fish) behavior, physiology, and welfare in culture, and can even be used to provide fine-scale mapping of environmental conditions. The data collected here, and that in recent publications, strongly suggest that pathogen (biotic) challenges in combination with high temperatures, not high temperatures + moderate hypoxia (~70% air saturation) by themselves, are the biggest climate-related challenge facing the salmon aquaculture industry outside of Tasmania. Dataset Atlantic salmon Newfoundland Salmo salar Unknown |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftsmithonian |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Physiology Exercise Physiology Nutritional Physiology Reproduction Cell Physiology Systems Physiology Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Comparative Physiology Physiology not elsewhere classified salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth heart rate variability data storage tags |
spellingShingle |
Physiology Exercise Physiology Nutritional Physiology Reproduction Cell Physiology Systems Physiology Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Comparative Physiology Physiology not elsewhere classified salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth heart rate variability data storage tags Anthony K. Gamperl (8898704) Zoe A. Zrini (11323140) Rebeccah M. Sandrelli (10347606) Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF |
topic_facet |
Physiology Exercise Physiology Nutritional Physiology Reproduction Cell Physiology Systems Physiology Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Comparative Physiology Physiology not elsewhere classified salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth heart rate variability data storage tags |
description |
Background: Climate change is leading to increased water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels at sea-cage sites, and this is a challenge that the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry must adapt to it if it needs to grow sustainably. However, to do this, the industry must better understand how sea-cage conditions influence the physiology and behavior of the fish. Method: We fitted ~2.5 kg Atlantic salmon on the south coast of Newfoundland with Star-Oddi milli-HRT ACT and Milli-TD data loggers (data storage tags, DSTs) in the summer of 2019 that allowed us to simultaneously record the fish's 3D acceleration (i.e., activity/behavior), electrocardiograms (and thus, heart rate and heart rate variability), depth, and temperature from early July to mid-October. Results: Over the course of the summer/fall, surface water temperatures went from ~10–12 to 18–19.5°C, and then fell to 8°C. The data provide valuable information on how cage-site conditions affected the salmon and their determining factors. For example, although the fish typically selected a temperature of 14–18°C when available (i.e., this is their preferred temperature in culture), and thus were found deeper in the cage as surface water temperatures peaked, they continued to use the full range of depths available during the warmest part of the summer. The depth occupied by the fish and heart rate were greater during the day, but the latter effect was not temperature-related. Finally, while the fish generally swam at 0.4–1.0 body lengths per second (25–60 cm s −1 ), their activity and the proportion of time spent using non-steady swimming (i.e., burst-and-coast swimming) increased when feeding was stopped at high temperatures. Conclusion: Data storage tags that record multiple parameters are an effective tool to understand how cage-site conditions and management influence salmon (fish) behavior, physiology, and welfare in culture, and can even be used to provide fine-scale mapping of environmental conditions. The data collected here, and that in recent publications, strongly suggest that pathogen (biotic) challenges in combination with high temperatures, not high temperatures + moderate hypoxia (~70% air saturation) by themselves, are the biggest climate-related challenge facing the salmon aquaculture industry outside of Tasmania. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Anthony K. Gamperl (8898704) Zoe A. Zrini (11323140) Rebeccah M. Sandrelli (10347606) |
author_facet |
Anthony K. Gamperl (8898704) Zoe A. Zrini (11323140) Rebeccah M. Sandrelli (10347606) |
author_sort |
Anthony K. Gamperl (8898704) |
title |
Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF |
title_short |
Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF |
title_full |
Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF |
title_fullStr |
Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave.PDF |
title_sort |
data_sheet_2_atlantic salmon (salmo salar) cage-site distribution, behavior, and physiology during a newfoundland heat wave.pdf |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594.s002 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Newfoundland Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Newfoundland Salmo salar |
op_relation |
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_2_Atlantic_Salmon_Salmo_salar_Cage-Site_Distribution_Behavior_and_Physiology_During_a_Newfoundland_Heat_Wave_PDF/16418097 doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.719594.s002 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594.s002 |
_version_ |
1766362865080467456 |