Early initiation of ART during acute infection minimally impacts monocyte cell type-specific differentially methylated loci associated with acute HIV infection.

• Main Authors: Michael J. Corley (7447133), Carlo Sacdalan (11273544), Alina P. S. Pang (7447139), Nitiya Chomchey (327683), Nisakorn Ratnaratorn (11273550), Victor Valcour (22964), Eugene Kroon (673318), Kyu S. Cho (11273553), Andrew C. Belden (10296401), Donn Colby (447929), Merlin Robb (373375), Denise Hsu (11273556), Serena Spudich (202054), Robert Paul (22962), Sandhya Vasan (102251), Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu (7122293)
• Format: Still Image
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Medicine; Genetics; Molecular Biology; Cancer; Science Policy; Infectious Diseases; Virology; Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified; RV; CD 4 count; AHI; DNA methylation profiles; monocyte; precision HIV medicine; CD 4; HIV-associated; initiation; Monocyte DNA methylation patterns; T lymphocytes; genome-wide DNA methylation; HIV infection; NCT; Venn; DML
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009785.g004

(a) Diagram of longitudinal experimental design utilized to identify DML-related to ART treatment in purified monocytes. Created with BioRender.com (b) Venn diagram displaying the overlap of DML between DNA methylation sites identified in monocytes related to AHI and DNA methylation sites identified in monocytes that changed before and after early initiation of ART during AHI. (c) Heatmap showing the unsupervised clustering of DML at annotated protein-coding genes related to interferon at pre-ART (aqua color) and post-ART (light blue) timepoints for AHI participants staged at Fiebig I (red color), II (blue color), or III-V (purple color). Dendrogram shown above. Colors in the heatmap indicate CpG methylation levels (blue to red: low to high methylation levels). (d-o) Plots displaying longitudinal DNA methylation levels of AHI participants at Pre-ART and Post-ART timepoints by Fiebig stage. Red dots represent individuals in Fiebig I. Significance determined comparing repeated measures comparison of Pre-ART vs. Post-ART and using FDR adjusted P-values <0.05.