Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF
Nunataks are permanent ice-free rocky peaks that project above ice caps in polar regions, thus being exposed to extreme climatic conditions throughout the year. They undergo extremely low temperatures and scarcity of liquid water in winter, while receiving high incident and reflected (albedo) UVA-B...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 |
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ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/14900946 2023-05-15T13:46:07+02:00 Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF Miguel Ángel Fernández-Martínez (6662327) Miriam García-Villadangos (6205673) Mercedes Moreno-Paz (1265493) Valentin Gangloff (11067708) Daniel Carrizo (1894636) Yolanda Blanco (323180) Sergi González (11067711) Laura Sánchez-García (8715630) Olga Prieto-Ballesteros (9585709) Ianina Altshuler (111041) Lyle G. Whyte (6662330) Victor Parro (293965) Alberto G. Fairén (6662333) 2021-07-02T16:05:25Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 unknown https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological_Heterogeneity_of_Lithic_Habitats_in_the_Extreme_Environment_of_Antarctic_Nunataks_A_Potential_Early_Mars_Analog_PDF/14900946 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology polar microbiology nunatak environmental microbiology terrestrial analogs of Martian habitats astrobiology Dataset 2021 ftsmithonian https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 2021-07-25T18:00:06Z Nunataks are permanent ice-free rocky peaks that project above ice caps in polar regions, thus being exposed to extreme climatic conditions throughout the year. They undergo extremely low temperatures and scarcity of liquid water in winter, while receiving high incident and reflected (albedo) UVA-B radiation in summer. Here, we investigate the geomicrobiology of the permanently exposed lithic substrates of nunataks from Livingston Island (South Shetlands, Antarctic Peninsula), with focus on prokaryotic community structure and their main metabolic traits. Contrarily to first hypothesis, an extensive sampling based on different gradients and multianalytical approaches demonstrated significant differences for most geomicrobiological parameters between the bedrock, soil, and loose rock substrates, which overlapped any other regional variation. Brevibacillus genus dominated on bedrock and soil substrates, while loose rocks contained a diverse microbial community, including Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and abundant Cyanobacteria inhabiting the milder and diverse microhabitats within. Archaea, a domain never described before in similar Antarctic environments, were also consistently found in the three substrates, but being more abundant and potentially more active in soils. Stable isotopic ratios of total carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N), soluble anions concentrations, and the detection of proteins involved in key metabolisms via the Life Detector Chip (LDChip), suggest that microbial primary production has a pivotal role in nutrient cycling at these exposed areas with limited deposition of nutrients. Detection of stress-resistance proteins, such as molecular chaperons, suggests microbial molecular adaptation mechanisms to cope with these harsh conditions. Since early Mars may have encompassed analogous environmental conditions as the ones found in these Antarctic nunataks, our study also contributes to the understanding of the metabolic features and biomarker profiles of a potential Martian microbiota, as well as the use of LDChip in future life detection missions. Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Livingston Island Unknown Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Livingston Island ENVELOPE(-60.500,-60.500,-62.600,-62.600) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftsmithonian |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology polar microbiology nunatak environmental microbiology terrestrial analogs of Martian habitats astrobiology |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology polar microbiology nunatak environmental microbiology terrestrial analogs of Martian habitats astrobiology Miguel Ángel Fernández-Martínez (6662327) Miriam García-Villadangos (6205673) Mercedes Moreno-Paz (1265493) Valentin Gangloff (11067708) Daniel Carrizo (1894636) Yolanda Blanco (323180) Sergi González (11067711) Laura Sánchez-García (8715630) Olga Prieto-Ballesteros (9585709) Ianina Altshuler (111041) Lyle G. Whyte (6662330) Victor Parro (293965) Alberto G. Fairén (6662333) Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF |
topic_facet |
Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology polar microbiology nunatak environmental microbiology terrestrial analogs of Martian habitats astrobiology |
description |
Nunataks are permanent ice-free rocky peaks that project above ice caps in polar regions, thus being exposed to extreme climatic conditions throughout the year. They undergo extremely low temperatures and scarcity of liquid water in winter, while receiving high incident and reflected (albedo) UVA-B radiation in summer. Here, we investigate the geomicrobiology of the permanently exposed lithic substrates of nunataks from Livingston Island (South Shetlands, Antarctic Peninsula), with focus on prokaryotic community structure and their main metabolic traits. Contrarily to first hypothesis, an extensive sampling based on different gradients and multianalytical approaches demonstrated significant differences for most geomicrobiological parameters between the bedrock, soil, and loose rock substrates, which overlapped any other regional variation. Brevibacillus genus dominated on bedrock and soil substrates, while loose rocks contained a diverse microbial community, including Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and abundant Cyanobacteria inhabiting the milder and diverse microhabitats within. Archaea, a domain never described before in similar Antarctic environments, were also consistently found in the three substrates, but being more abundant and potentially more active in soils. Stable isotopic ratios of total carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N), soluble anions concentrations, and the detection of proteins involved in key metabolisms via the Life Detector Chip (LDChip), suggest that microbial primary production has a pivotal role in nutrient cycling at these exposed areas with limited deposition of nutrients. Detection of stress-resistance proteins, such as molecular chaperons, suggests microbial molecular adaptation mechanisms to cope with these harsh conditions. Since early Mars may have encompassed analogous environmental conditions as the ones found in these Antarctic nunataks, our study also contributes to the understanding of the metabolic features and biomarker profiles of a potential Martian microbiota, as well as the use of LDChip in future life detection missions. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Miguel Ángel Fernández-Martínez (6662327) Miriam García-Villadangos (6205673) Mercedes Moreno-Paz (1265493) Valentin Gangloff (11067708) Daniel Carrizo (1894636) Yolanda Blanco (323180) Sergi González (11067711) Laura Sánchez-García (8715630) Olga Prieto-Ballesteros (9585709) Ianina Altshuler (111041) Lyle G. Whyte (6662330) Victor Parro (293965) Alberto G. Fairén (6662333) |
author_facet |
Miguel Ángel Fernández-Martínez (6662327) Miriam García-Villadangos (6205673) Mercedes Moreno-Paz (1265493) Valentin Gangloff (11067708) Daniel Carrizo (1894636) Yolanda Blanco (323180) Sergi González (11067711) Laura Sánchez-García (8715630) Olga Prieto-Ballesteros (9585709) Ianina Altshuler (111041) Lyle G. Whyte (6662330) Victor Parro (293965) Alberto G. Fairén (6662333) |
author_sort |
Miguel Ángel Fernández-Martínez (6662327) |
title |
Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF |
title_short |
Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF |
title_full |
Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF |
title_fullStr |
Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological Heterogeneity of Lithic Habitats in the Extreme Environment of Antarctic Nunataks: A Potential Early Mars Analog.PDF |
title_sort |
data_sheet_1_geomicrobiological heterogeneity of lithic habitats in the extreme environment of antarctic nunataks: a potential early mars analog.pdf |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-60.500,-60.500,-62.600,-62.600) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Livingston Island |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Livingston Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Livingston Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Livingston Island |
op_relation |
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Geomicrobiological_Heterogeneity_of_Lithic_Habitats_in_the_Extreme_Environment_of_Antarctic_Nunataks_A_Potential_Early_Mars_Analog_PDF/14900946 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.670982.s001 |
_version_ |
1766237049500729344 |