Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf
Organic Lake in Antarctica is a marine-derived, cold (−13∘C), stratified (oxic-anoxic), hypersaline (>200 gl –1 ) system with unusual chemistry (very high levels of dimethylsulfide) that supports the growth of phylogenetically and metabolically diverse microorganisms. Symbionts are not well chara...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Dataset |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 |
id |
ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/14709372 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftsmithonian:oai:figshare.com:article/14709372 2023-05-15T14:03:43+02:00 Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf Timothy J. Williams (2321068) Michelle A. Allen (9224300) Natalia Ivanova (8850) Marcel Huntemann (34103) Sabrina Haque (8129334) Alyce M. Hancock (9224303) Sarah Brazendale (5431874) Ricardo Cavicchioli (431630) 2021-06-01T07:56:30Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 unknown https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Genome_Analysis_of_a_Verrucomicrobial_Endosymbiont_With_a_Tiny_Genome_Discovered_in_an_Antarctic_Lake_pdf/14709372 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology Antarctic microbiology Bacterial endosymbionts metagenome extreme genome reduction genetic code 4 Dataset 2021 ftsmithonian https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 2021-06-13T15:29:42Z Organic Lake in Antarctica is a marine-derived, cold (−13∘C), stratified (oxic-anoxic), hypersaline (>200 gl –1 ) system with unusual chemistry (very high levels of dimethylsulfide) that supports the growth of phylogenetically and metabolically diverse microorganisms. Symbionts are not well characterized in Antarctica. However, unicellular eukaryotes are often present in Antarctic lakes and theoretically could harbor endosymbionts. Here, we describe Candidatus Organicella extenuata, a member of the Verrucomicrobia with a highly reduced genome, recovered as a metagenome-assembled genome with genetic code 4 (UGA-to-Trp recoding) from Organic Lake. It is closely related to Candidatus Pinguicocccus supinus (163,218 bp, 205 genes), a newly described cytoplasmic endosymbiont of the freshwater ciliate Euplotes vanleeuwenhoeki (Serra et al., 2020). At 158,228 bp (encoding 194 genes), the genome of Ca. Organicella extenuata is among the smallest known bacterial genomes and similar to the genome of Ca. Pinguicoccus supinus (163,218 bp, 205 genes). Ca. Organicella extenuata retains a capacity for replication, transcription, translation, and protein-folding while lacking any capacity for the biosynthesis of amino acids or vitamins. Notably, the endosymbiont retains a capacity for fatty acid synthesis (type II) and iron–sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly. Metagenomic analysis of 150 new metagenomes from Organic Lake and more than 70 other Antarctic aquatic locations revealed a strong correlation in abundance between Ca. Organicella extenuata and a novel ciliate of the genus Euplotes. Like Ca. Pinguicoccus supinus, we infer that Ca. Organicella extenuata is an endosymbiont of Euplotes and hypothesize that both Ca. Organicella extenuata and Ca. Pinguicocccus supinus provide fatty acids and Fe-S clusters to their Euplotes host as the foundation of a mutualistic symbiosis. The discovery of Ca. Organicella extenuata as possessing genetic code 4 illustrates that in addition to identifying endosymbionts by sequencing known symbiotic communities and searching metagenome data using reference endosymbiont genomes, the potential exists to identify novel endosymbionts by searching for unusual coding parameters. Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Unknown Antarctic Organic Lake ENVELOPE(78.190,78.190,-68.457,-68.457) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftsmithonian |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology Antarctic microbiology Bacterial endosymbionts metagenome extreme genome reduction genetic code 4 |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology Antarctic microbiology Bacterial endosymbionts metagenome extreme genome reduction genetic code 4 Timothy J. Williams (2321068) Michelle A. Allen (9224300) Natalia Ivanova (8850) Marcel Huntemann (34103) Sabrina Haque (8129334) Alyce M. Hancock (9224303) Sarah Brazendale (5431874) Ricardo Cavicchioli (431630) Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf |
topic_facet |
Microbiology Microbial Genetics Microbial Ecology Mycology Antarctic microbiology Bacterial endosymbionts metagenome extreme genome reduction genetic code 4 |
description |
Organic Lake in Antarctica is a marine-derived, cold (−13∘C), stratified (oxic-anoxic), hypersaline (>200 gl –1 ) system with unusual chemistry (very high levels of dimethylsulfide) that supports the growth of phylogenetically and metabolically diverse microorganisms. Symbionts are not well characterized in Antarctica. However, unicellular eukaryotes are often present in Antarctic lakes and theoretically could harbor endosymbionts. Here, we describe Candidatus Organicella extenuata, a member of the Verrucomicrobia with a highly reduced genome, recovered as a metagenome-assembled genome with genetic code 4 (UGA-to-Trp recoding) from Organic Lake. It is closely related to Candidatus Pinguicocccus supinus (163,218 bp, 205 genes), a newly described cytoplasmic endosymbiont of the freshwater ciliate Euplotes vanleeuwenhoeki (Serra et al., 2020). At 158,228 bp (encoding 194 genes), the genome of Ca. Organicella extenuata is among the smallest known bacterial genomes and similar to the genome of Ca. Pinguicoccus supinus (163,218 bp, 205 genes). Ca. Organicella extenuata retains a capacity for replication, transcription, translation, and protein-folding while lacking any capacity for the biosynthesis of amino acids or vitamins. Notably, the endosymbiont retains a capacity for fatty acid synthesis (type II) and iron–sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly. Metagenomic analysis of 150 new metagenomes from Organic Lake and more than 70 other Antarctic aquatic locations revealed a strong correlation in abundance between Ca. Organicella extenuata and a novel ciliate of the genus Euplotes. Like Ca. Pinguicoccus supinus, we infer that Ca. Organicella extenuata is an endosymbiont of Euplotes and hypothesize that both Ca. Organicella extenuata and Ca. Pinguicocccus supinus provide fatty acids and Fe-S clusters to their Euplotes host as the foundation of a mutualistic symbiosis. The discovery of Ca. Organicella extenuata as possessing genetic code 4 illustrates that in addition to identifying endosymbionts by sequencing known symbiotic communities and searching metagenome data using reference endosymbiont genomes, the potential exists to identify novel endosymbionts by searching for unusual coding parameters. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Timothy J. Williams (2321068) Michelle A. Allen (9224300) Natalia Ivanova (8850) Marcel Huntemann (34103) Sabrina Haque (8129334) Alyce M. Hancock (9224303) Sarah Brazendale (5431874) Ricardo Cavicchioli (431630) |
author_facet |
Timothy J. Williams (2321068) Michelle A. Allen (9224300) Natalia Ivanova (8850) Marcel Huntemann (34103) Sabrina Haque (8129334) Alyce M. Hancock (9224303) Sarah Brazendale (5431874) Ricardo Cavicchioli (431630) |
author_sort |
Timothy J. Williams (2321068) |
title |
Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf |
title_short |
Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf |
title_full |
Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf |
title_fullStr |
Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data_Sheet_1_Genome Analysis of a Verrucomicrobial Endosymbiont With a Tiny Genome Discovered in an Antarctic Lake.pdf |
title_sort |
data_sheet_1_genome analysis of a verrucomicrobial endosymbiont with a tiny genome discovered in an antarctic lake.pdf |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(78.190,78.190,-68.457,-68.457) |
geographic |
Antarctic Organic Lake |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Organic Lake |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_relation |
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Genome_Analysis_of_a_Verrucomicrobial_Endosymbiont_With_a_Tiny_Genome_Discovered_in_an_Antarctic_Lake_pdf/14709372 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.674758.s001 |
_version_ |
1766274529226653696 |