Geographic pattern of linkage disequilibrium (LD, distance-corrected r 2 between pairs of SNPs) in North American Arabidopsis lyrata (A&B) and the correlation of zygosity (Δ) scaled by the level of genome-wide heterozygosity ( θ ) (C&D).

• Main Authors: Kay Lucek (299317), Yvonne Willi (657152)
• Format: Still Image
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Medicine; Genetics; Evolutionary Biology; Ecology; Hematology; Virology; Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified; Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified; range expansion; mating system; linkage disequilibrium; genome-wide LD; range expansion increases short-dis.; North American Arabidopsis lyrata; Ice Sheet
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009477.g001

(A) Average genome-wide LD for intergenic regions. (B) Average LD for the gene FPA that is involved in the autonomous pathway of flowering time regulation. Darker gray shading for A&B indicates higher levels of LD; both surfaces were estimated based on outcrossing populations only. Minimum convex polygon hulls surrounding populations of the western and eastern ancestral genetic clusters are drawn in black. Triangles indicate the core areas from which recolonization began after the most recent glacial maximum. Lines from these cores are recolonization routes revealed by projecting the population phylogeny on the map. Circles are the populations sampled in this study: outcrossing (black), mixed-mating (pink), and selfing (red). Unshaded areas within the polygon hulls are regions with missing data for outcrossing populations. The dashed blue line indicates the maximum extent of the ice sheet during the last glacial maximum. LD increased with increasing distance from the core areas. The correlation of zygosity (Δ) across intergenic (C) and genic (D) regions for 104 individual genomes as estimated by mlRho. Solid lines depict individuals from the eastern genetic cluster and dashed lines from the western genetic cluster, respectively. Individuals from mixed-mating populations are depicted in pink, and from selfing populations in red. For individuals from outcrossing populations the grayscale gradient indicates individuals from the range center (gray) to the range edge (black).