Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose
Landscape characteristics, seasonal changes in the environment, and daylight conditions influence space use and detection of prey and predators, resulting in spatiotemporal patterns of predation risk for the prey. When predators have different hunting modes, the combined effects of multiple predator...
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ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:30144 2023-05-15T13:13:41+02:00 Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose Ausilio, G. Wikenros, Camilla Sand, Håkan Wabakken, P. Eriksen, A. Zimmermann, B. 2022 application/pdf https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/30144/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/30144/1/ausilio-g-et-al-20230123.pdf en eng eng https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/30144/1/ausilio-g-et-al-20230123.pdf Ausilio, G. and Wikenros, Camilla and Sand, Håkan and Wabakken, P. and Eriksen, A. and Zimmermann, B. (2022). Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose. Ecosphere. 13 :12 , e4323 [Research article] Ecology Fish and Wildlife Management Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507) Research article NonPeerReviewed 2022 ftslunivuppsala 2023-01-26T17:13:50Z Landscape characteristics, seasonal changes in the environment, and daylight conditions influence space use and detection of prey and predators, resulting in spatiotemporal patterns of predation risk for the prey. When predators have different hunting modes, the combined effects of multiple predators are mediated by the physical landscape and can result in overlapping or contrasting patterns of predation risk. Humans have become super-predators in many anthropogenic landscapes by harvesting game species and competing with large carnivores for prey. Here, we used the locations of wolf (Canis lupus)-killed and hunter-killed moose (Alces alces) in south-central Scandinavia to investigate whether environmental and anthropogenic features influenced where wolves and hunters killed moose. We predicted that the combined effects of wolves and hunters would result in contrasting spatial risk patterns due to differences in hunting modes. We expected these contrasting spatial risk patterns also to differ temporally. During the hunting season, the probability of a wolf kill increased with distance to bogs, whereas it decreased with increasing building density and distance to clearcuts and young forests. After the hunting season, the probability of a wolf kill increased with increasing terrain ruggedness and decreased with increasing building density, distance to main roads, and distance to clearcuts and young forests. The probability of a hunter kill was highest closer to bogs, main and secondary roads, in less rugged terrain and in areas with lower building density. Hunters killed all moose during the day, whereas wolves killed most moose at night during and after the hunting season. Our findings suggest that environmental and anthropogenic features mediate hunting and wolf predation risk. Additionally, we found that hunter- and wolf-killed moose exhibited contrasting spatial associations to landscape features, most likely due to the different hunting modes displayed by hunters and wolves. However, wolf predation and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): Epsilon Open Archive |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): Epsilon Open Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftslunivuppsala |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology Fish and Wildlife Management Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507) |
spellingShingle |
Ecology Fish and Wildlife Management Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507) Ausilio, G. Wikenros, Camilla Sand, Håkan Wabakken, P. Eriksen, A. Zimmermann, B. Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
topic_facet |
Ecology Fish and Wildlife Management Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507) |
description |
Landscape characteristics, seasonal changes in the environment, and daylight conditions influence space use and detection of prey and predators, resulting in spatiotemporal patterns of predation risk for the prey. When predators have different hunting modes, the combined effects of multiple predators are mediated by the physical landscape and can result in overlapping or contrasting patterns of predation risk. Humans have become super-predators in many anthropogenic landscapes by harvesting game species and competing with large carnivores for prey. Here, we used the locations of wolf (Canis lupus)-killed and hunter-killed moose (Alces alces) in south-central Scandinavia to investigate whether environmental and anthropogenic features influenced where wolves and hunters killed moose. We predicted that the combined effects of wolves and hunters would result in contrasting spatial risk patterns due to differences in hunting modes. We expected these contrasting spatial risk patterns also to differ temporally. During the hunting season, the probability of a wolf kill increased with distance to bogs, whereas it decreased with increasing building density and distance to clearcuts and young forests. After the hunting season, the probability of a wolf kill increased with increasing terrain ruggedness and decreased with increasing building density, distance to main roads, and distance to clearcuts and young forests. The probability of a hunter kill was highest closer to bogs, main and secondary roads, in less rugged terrain and in areas with lower building density. Hunters killed all moose during the day, whereas wolves killed most moose at night during and after the hunting season. Our findings suggest that environmental and anthropogenic features mediate hunting and wolf predation risk. Additionally, we found that hunter- and wolf-killed moose exhibited contrasting spatial associations to landscape features, most likely due to the different hunting modes displayed by hunters and wolves. However, wolf predation and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ausilio, G. Wikenros, Camilla Sand, Håkan Wabakken, P. Eriksen, A. Zimmermann, B. |
author_facet |
Ausilio, G. Wikenros, Camilla Sand, Håkan Wabakken, P. Eriksen, A. Zimmermann, B. |
author_sort |
Ausilio, G. |
title |
Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
title_short |
Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
title_full |
Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
title_fullStr |
Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
title_sort |
environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/30144/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/30144/1/ausilio-g-et-al-20230123.pdf |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
op_relation |
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/30144/1/ausilio-g-et-al-20230123.pdf Ausilio, G. and Wikenros, Camilla and Sand, Håkan and Wabakken, P. and Eriksen, A. and Zimmermann, B. (2022). Environmental and anthropogenic features mediate risk from human hunters and wolves for moose. Ecosphere. 13 :12 , e4323 [Research article] |
_version_ |
1766259870773805056 |