Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture
Parasitic salmon lice cause great economic losses in the aquaculture of Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. It also has a significant impact on wild populations of salmonids, particularly sea trout in areas with aquaculture activity. Several pharmaceuticals have been used for treatment of salmon lice...
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2021
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Online Access: | https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/1/tallaksen_halvorsen_k_et_al_211221.pdf |
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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): Epsilon Open Archive |
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English |
topic |
Fish and Aquacultural Science |
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Fish and Aquacultural Science Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim Skiftesvik, Anne Berit Durif, Caroline M.F. Faust, Ellika Wennhage, Håkan André, Carl Linnemann Rønfeldt, Jacob Moller, Peter Rask Carl, Henrik Jørgensen, Terje Quintela, Maria Sandlund, Nina Stien, Lars Helge Nedreaas, Kjell Jansson, Eeva Hagen Stockhausen, Hans Korsnes, Kjetil Reynolds, Patrick Imsland, Albert Fyllingen, Inger Bysheim, Hulda Henly, Lauren Mortensen, Stein Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
topic_facet |
Fish and Aquacultural Science |
description |
Parasitic salmon lice cause great economic losses in the aquaculture of Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. It also has a significant impact on wild populations of salmonids, particularly sea trout in areas with aquaculture activity. Several pharmaceuticals have been used for treatment of salmon lice infestations, but over time the lice have developed resistance to these treatments, and there is a growing concern regarding the environmental impact of chemical and pharmaceutical treatments on non-target organisms. Consequently, there has been a strong incentive to find alternative methods for de-lousing. The use of cleaner fish, which pick lice from the skin of infested salmonids, has become an important tool to fight lice. Lumpfish and several species of wrasses are used as cleaner fish. There are extensive fisheries for wrasses in the UK, along the Swedish west coast and in Norway. In addition, there is aquaculture of ballan wrasse and lumpfish in Norway, and lumpfish in the UK and Iceland. The fisheries and use of cleaner fish have evolved relatively fast, whereas scientific data collection, as well as the development of a regulatory framework, has lagged behind. Challenges linked to poor welfare, transmission of diseases and changes in the genetic structure of local populations as a result of translocations have raised questions regarding the sustainability of the current cleaner fish practice. Both ballan wrasse and lumpfish are relatively new as farmed species, and as new species in aquaculture, there are knowledge gaps that must be filled. Research on different aspects for each of the two species has recently increased to address problems and prepare the fish for a life as cleaner fish in sea cages. There is also an increase in research that aims to increase survival and welfare of cleaner fish. There is still a way to go, but information from farmers who have good results show that it should be possible to achieve improvement. A wide range of research projects and studies have been initiated in Scandinavia and the UK over the last decade. In order to facilitate a more rapid spread and implementation of good management solutions that are based on knowledge of the species, it is therefore important that scientists and regulating authorities in different institutions and countries have a common knowledge-base and are collaborating efficiently. This report presents the state-of-knowledge on the biology of cleaner fish, the challenges regarding environmental impacts of fishing, translocation and how management have dealt with the fisheries in the Nordic countries. The development and challenges related to the use and welfare of cleaner fish in captivity are presented and discussed. Based on our shared expert knowledge, we hopefully provide management recommendations on how the fisheries and use of cleaner fish can become more sustainable. A sustainable fishery should allow the target species to replenish and have no long-term or permanent negative changes on ecosystem diversity, function, or productivity. A sustainable practice should minimize the harm and death of cleaner fish, as well as escapement and the associated risks; including transfer of new diseases to new species and areas, and irreversible genetic changes in the wild populations that reduce fitness or adaptability. The report also identifies data gaps that may be filled with future, hopefully collaborative, research or monitoring activities. Although there is an active collaboration between Swedish and Norwegian cleaner fish researchers there is still a considerable potential for improvement through exchange of knowledge and experiences between scientist and managers in Norway, Sweden and the UK, as well as with those in other countries with developing or emerging fisheries for wrasses, like Denmark. |
format |
Report |
author |
Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim Skiftesvik, Anne Berit Durif, Caroline M.F. Faust, Ellika Wennhage, Håkan André, Carl Linnemann Rønfeldt, Jacob Moller, Peter Rask Carl, Henrik Jørgensen, Terje Quintela, Maria Sandlund, Nina Stien, Lars Helge Nedreaas, Kjell Jansson, Eeva Hagen Stockhausen, Hans Korsnes, Kjetil Reynolds, Patrick Imsland, Albert Fyllingen, Inger Bysheim, Hulda Henly, Lauren Mortensen, Stein |
author_facet |
Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim Skiftesvik, Anne Berit Durif, Caroline M.F. Faust, Ellika Wennhage, Håkan André, Carl Linnemann Rønfeldt, Jacob Moller, Peter Rask Carl, Henrik Jørgensen, Terje Quintela, Maria Sandlund, Nina Stien, Lars Helge Nedreaas, Kjell Jansson, Eeva Hagen Stockhausen, Hans Korsnes, Kjetil Reynolds, Patrick Imsland, Albert Fyllingen, Inger Bysheim, Hulda Henly, Lauren Mortensen, Stein |
author_sort |
Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim |
title |
Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
title_short |
Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
title_full |
Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
title_fullStr |
Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
title_full_unstemmed |
Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
title_sort |
towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/1/tallaksen_halvorsen_k_et_al_211221.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(12.203,12.203,65.945,65.945) |
geographic |
Ballan Norway |
geographic_facet |
Ballan Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Iceland |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Iceland |
op_relation |
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/1/tallaksen_halvorsen_k_et_al_211221.pdf Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim and Skiftesvik, Anne Berit and Durif, Caroline M.F. and Faust, Ellika and Wennhage, Håkan and André, Carl and Linnemann Rønfeldt, Jacob and Moller, Peter Rask and Carl, Henrik and Jørgensen, Terje and Quintela, Maria and Sandlund, Nina and Stien, Lars Helge and Nedreaas, Kjell and Jansson, Eeva and Hagen Stockhausen, Hans and Korsnes, Kjetil and Reynolds, Patrick and Imsland, Albert and Fyllingen, Inger and Bysheim, Hulda and Henly, Lauren and Mortensen, Stein (2021). Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture. (NL, NJ) > Department of Aquatic Resources <https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/4093.html>, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. TemaNord 2021:545 [Report] |
_version_ |
1766363632409509888 |
spelling |
ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:26361 2023-05-15T15:33:09+02:00 Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim Skiftesvik, Anne Berit Durif, Caroline M.F. Faust, Ellika Wennhage, Håkan André, Carl Linnemann Rønfeldt, Jacob Moller, Peter Rask Carl, Henrik Jørgensen, Terje Quintela, Maria Sandlund, Nina Stien, Lars Helge Nedreaas, Kjell Jansson, Eeva Hagen Stockhausen, Hans Korsnes, Kjetil Reynolds, Patrick Imsland, Albert Fyllingen, Inger Bysheim, Hulda Henly, Lauren Mortensen, Stein 2021 application/pdf https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/1/tallaksen_halvorsen_k_et_al_211221.pdf en eng eng https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/26361/1/tallaksen_halvorsen_k_et_al_211221.pdf Tallaksen Halvorsen, Kim and Skiftesvik, Anne Berit and Durif, Caroline M.F. and Faust, Ellika and Wennhage, Håkan and André, Carl and Linnemann Rønfeldt, Jacob and Moller, Peter Rask and Carl, Henrik and Jørgensen, Terje and Quintela, Maria and Sandlund, Nina and Stien, Lars Helge and Nedreaas, Kjell and Jansson, Eeva and Hagen Stockhausen, Hans and Korsnes, Kjetil and Reynolds, Patrick and Imsland, Albert and Fyllingen, Inger and Bysheim, Hulda and Henly, Lauren and Mortensen, Stein (2021). Towards a sustainable fishery and use of cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture. (NL, NJ) > Department of Aquatic Resources <https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/view/divisions/4093.html>, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. TemaNord 2021:545 [Report] Fish and Aquacultural Science Report NonPeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/report 2021 ftslunivuppsala 2022-01-09T19:16:59Z Parasitic salmon lice cause great economic losses in the aquaculture of Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. It also has a significant impact on wild populations of salmonids, particularly sea trout in areas with aquaculture activity. Several pharmaceuticals have been used for treatment of salmon lice infestations, but over time the lice have developed resistance to these treatments, and there is a growing concern regarding the environmental impact of chemical and pharmaceutical treatments on non-target organisms. Consequently, there has been a strong incentive to find alternative methods for de-lousing. The use of cleaner fish, which pick lice from the skin of infested salmonids, has become an important tool to fight lice. Lumpfish and several species of wrasses are used as cleaner fish. There are extensive fisheries for wrasses in the UK, along the Swedish west coast and in Norway. In addition, there is aquaculture of ballan wrasse and lumpfish in Norway, and lumpfish in the UK and Iceland. The fisheries and use of cleaner fish have evolved relatively fast, whereas scientific data collection, as well as the development of a regulatory framework, has lagged behind. Challenges linked to poor welfare, transmission of diseases and changes in the genetic structure of local populations as a result of translocations have raised questions regarding the sustainability of the current cleaner fish practice. Both ballan wrasse and lumpfish are relatively new as farmed species, and as new species in aquaculture, there are knowledge gaps that must be filled. Research on different aspects for each of the two species has recently increased to address problems and prepare the fish for a life as cleaner fish in sea cages. There is also an increase in research that aims to increase survival and welfare of cleaner fish. There is still a way to go, but information from farmers who have good results show that it should be possible to achieve improvement. A wide range of research projects and studies have been initiated in Scandinavia and the UK over the last decade. In order to facilitate a more rapid spread and implementation of good management solutions that are based on knowledge of the species, it is therefore important that scientists and regulating authorities in different institutions and countries have a common knowledge-base and are collaborating efficiently. This report presents the state-of-knowledge on the biology of cleaner fish, the challenges regarding environmental impacts of fishing, translocation and how management have dealt with the fisheries in the Nordic countries. The development and challenges related to the use and welfare of cleaner fish in captivity are presented and discussed. Based on our shared expert knowledge, we hopefully provide management recommendations on how the fisheries and use of cleaner fish can become more sustainable. A sustainable fishery should allow the target species to replenish and have no long-term or permanent negative changes on ecosystem diversity, function, or productivity. A sustainable practice should minimize the harm and death of cleaner fish, as well as escapement and the associated risks; including transfer of new diseases to new species and areas, and irreversible genetic changes in the wild populations that reduce fitness or adaptability. The report also identifies data gaps that may be filled with future, hopefully collaborative, research or monitoring activities. Although there is an active collaboration between Swedish and Norwegian cleaner fish researchers there is still a considerable potential for improvement through exchange of knowledge and experiences between scientist and managers in Norway, Sweden and the UK, as well as with those in other countries with developing or emerging fisheries for wrasses, like Denmark. Report Atlantic salmon Iceland Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): Epsilon Open Archive Ballan ENVELOPE(12.203,12.203,65.945,65.945) Norway |