High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions
BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) infects a range of species, including humans, pigs, wild boars and deer. Zoonotic transmission may contribute to the high HEV seroprevalence in the human population of many countries. A novel divergent HEV from moose (Alces alces) in Sweden was recently identified b...
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ftslunivuppsala:oai:pub.epsilon.slu.se:12437 2023-05-15T13:13:44+02:00 High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions Lin, Jay Karlsson, Marie Olofson, Ann-Sophie Belak, Sandor Malmsten, Jonas Dalin, Anne-Marie Widen, Frederik Norder, Heléne 2015 application/pdf https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12437/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12437/11/lin_j_et_al_150730.pdf https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122102 en eng eng https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12437/11/lin_j_et_al_150730.pdf Lin, Jay and Lin, Jay and Karlsson, Marie and Olofson, Ann-Sophie and Belak, Sandor and Malmsten, Jonas and Dalin, Anne-Marie and Widen, Frederik and Norder, Heléne (2015). High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions. PloS one. 10 :4 , 1-14 [Research article] cc_by CC-BY Medical Bioscience Research article PeerReviewed info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2015 ftslunivuppsala https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122102 2022-01-09T19:13:33Z BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) infects a range of species, including humans, pigs, wild boars and deer. Zoonotic transmission may contribute to the high HEV seroprevalence in the human population of many countries. A novel divergent HEV from moose (Alces alces) in Sweden was recently identified by partial genome sequencing. Since only one strain was found, its classification within the HEV family, prevalence in moose and zoonotic potential was unclear. We therefore investigated samples from 231 moose in seven Swedish counties for HEV, and sequenced a near complete moose HEV genome. Phylogenetic analysis to classify this virus within the family Hepeviridae and to explore potential host specific determinants was performed.Methods and FindingsThe HEV prevalence of moose was determined by PCR (marker for active infection) and serological assays (marker of past infection) of sera and 51 fecal samples from 231 Swedish moose. Markers of active and past infection were found in 67 (29%) animals, while 34 (15%) were positive for HEV RNA, 43 (19%) were seropositive for anti-HEV antibodies, and 10 (4%) had both markers. The number of young individuals positive for HEV RNA was larger than for older individuals, and the number of anti-HEV antibody positive individuals increased with age. The high throughput sequenced moose HEV genome was 35-60% identical to existing HEVs. Partial ORF1 sequences from 13 moose strains showed high similarity among them, forming a distinct monophyletic clade with a common ancestor to HEV genotype 1-6 group, which includes members known for zoonotic transmission.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a high frequency of HEV in moose in Sweden, with markers of current and past infection demonstrated in 30% of the animals. Moose is thus an important animal reservoir of HEV. The phylogenetic relationship demonstrated that the moose HEV belonged to the genotype 1-6 group, which includes strains that also infect humans, and therefore may signify a potential for zoonotic transmission of this HEV. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): Epsilon Open Archive PLOS ONE 10 4 e0122102 |
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Open Polar |
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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU): Epsilon Open Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftslunivuppsala |
language |
English |
topic |
Medical Bioscience |
spellingShingle |
Medical Bioscience Lin, Jay Karlsson, Marie Olofson, Ann-Sophie Belak, Sandor Malmsten, Jonas Dalin, Anne-Marie Widen, Frederik Norder, Heléne High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
topic_facet |
Medical Bioscience |
description |
BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) infects a range of species, including humans, pigs, wild boars and deer. Zoonotic transmission may contribute to the high HEV seroprevalence in the human population of many countries. A novel divergent HEV from moose (Alces alces) in Sweden was recently identified by partial genome sequencing. Since only one strain was found, its classification within the HEV family, prevalence in moose and zoonotic potential was unclear. We therefore investigated samples from 231 moose in seven Swedish counties for HEV, and sequenced a near complete moose HEV genome. Phylogenetic analysis to classify this virus within the family Hepeviridae and to explore potential host specific determinants was performed.Methods and FindingsThe HEV prevalence of moose was determined by PCR (marker for active infection) and serological assays (marker of past infection) of sera and 51 fecal samples from 231 Swedish moose. Markers of active and past infection were found in 67 (29%) animals, while 34 (15%) were positive for HEV RNA, 43 (19%) were seropositive for anti-HEV antibodies, and 10 (4%) had both markers. The number of young individuals positive for HEV RNA was larger than for older individuals, and the number of anti-HEV antibody positive individuals increased with age. The high throughput sequenced moose HEV genome was 35-60% identical to existing HEVs. Partial ORF1 sequences from 13 moose strains showed high similarity among them, forming a distinct monophyletic clade with a common ancestor to HEV genotype 1-6 group, which includes members known for zoonotic transmission.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a high frequency of HEV in moose in Sweden, with markers of current and past infection demonstrated in 30% of the animals. Moose is thus an important animal reservoir of HEV. The phylogenetic relationship demonstrated that the moose HEV belonged to the genotype 1-6 group, which includes strains that also infect humans, and therefore may signify a potential for zoonotic transmission of this HEV. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lin, Jay Karlsson, Marie Olofson, Ann-Sophie Belak, Sandor Malmsten, Jonas Dalin, Anne-Marie Widen, Frederik Norder, Heléne |
author_facet |
Lin, Jay Karlsson, Marie Olofson, Ann-Sophie Belak, Sandor Malmsten, Jonas Dalin, Anne-Marie Widen, Frederik Norder, Heléne |
author_sort |
Lin, Jay |
title |
High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
title_short |
High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
title_full |
High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
title_fullStr |
High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
title_full_unstemmed |
High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
title_sort |
high prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - a phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12437/ https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12437/11/lin_j_et_al_150730.pdf https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122102 |
genre |
Alces alces |
genre_facet |
Alces alces |
op_relation |
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/12437/11/lin_j_et_al_150730.pdf Lin, Jay and Lin, Jay and Karlsson, Marie and Olofson, Ann-Sophie and Belak, Sandor and Malmsten, Jonas and Dalin, Anne-Marie and Widen, Frederik and Norder, Heléne (2015). High prevalence of hepatitis e virus in swedish moose - A phylogenetic characterization and comparison of the virus from different regions. PloS one. 10 :4 , 1-14 [Research article] |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122102 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
e0122102 |
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1766260104891465728 |