Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces
Cold regions including the Arctic are warming fast, resulting in increased losses of snow and ice cover. A climate intervention approach, where hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) are applied on snow and ice surfaces such as Artic sea ice has been suggested for ice preservation. HGMs are commercial mat...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3113257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 |
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ftsintef:oai:sintef.brage.unit.no:11250/3113257 2024-02-11T09:54:57+01:00 Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces Farkas, Julia Aune, Marianne Hansen, Bjørn Henrik Nordam, Tor Nordtug, Trond Almeida Carvalho, Patricia Throne-Holst, Mimmi 2023 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3113257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 eng eng Elsevier Cold Regions Science and Technology. 2023, 215: 103967. urn:issn:0165-232X https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3113257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 cristin:2184301 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier. 8 215 Cold Regions Science and Technology 103967 Peer reviewed Journal article 2023 ftsintef https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 2024-01-24T23:48:06Z Cold regions including the Arctic are warming fast, resulting in increased losses of snow and ice cover. A climate intervention approach, where hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) are applied on snow and ice surfaces such as Artic sea ice has been suggested for ice preservation. HGMs are commercial materials, typically in the 10–200 μm diameter size range. They are very lightweight, highly reflective materials with a high crush strength. It is suggested that through that reflectivity, their application onto snow and ice surfaces can increase the albedo, and thus stabilize snow and ice covers, for example aid the formation of multiyear sea ice. In this study we tested the stability and behaviour of different HGMs under stress conditions to gain knowledge on their potential environmental fate. Stability tests, measured as maintenance of positive buoyancy, during sediment interaction, repeated freezing and thawing and prolonged exposure in seawater showed differences in environmental stability of the tested materials with stability depending on wall thickness and surface integrity. None of the tested materials seemed to be very susceptible to biofouling under the conditions tested. However, leaching of elements, especially Si was observed for some materials, potentially indicating dissolution of the HGMs in seawater over time. Further studies are needed to determine the element dissolution from HGMs and other potential environmental implications such as impacts on organisms. Although this paper is directed towards using HGMs in a local climate intervention application the findings may be of general interest for other uses of HGM materials. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Sea ice SINTEF Open Arctic Cold Regions Science and Technology 215 103967 |
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English |
description |
Cold regions including the Arctic are warming fast, resulting in increased losses of snow and ice cover. A climate intervention approach, where hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) are applied on snow and ice surfaces such as Artic sea ice has been suggested for ice preservation. HGMs are commercial materials, typically in the 10–200 μm diameter size range. They are very lightweight, highly reflective materials with a high crush strength. It is suggested that through that reflectivity, their application onto snow and ice surfaces can increase the albedo, and thus stabilize snow and ice covers, for example aid the formation of multiyear sea ice. In this study we tested the stability and behaviour of different HGMs under stress conditions to gain knowledge on their potential environmental fate. Stability tests, measured as maintenance of positive buoyancy, during sediment interaction, repeated freezing and thawing and prolonged exposure in seawater showed differences in environmental stability of the tested materials with stability depending on wall thickness and surface integrity. None of the tested materials seemed to be very susceptible to biofouling under the conditions tested. However, leaching of elements, especially Si was observed for some materials, potentially indicating dissolution of the HGMs in seawater over time. Further studies are needed to determine the element dissolution from HGMs and other potential environmental implications such as impacts on organisms. Although this paper is directed towards using HGMs in a local climate intervention application the findings may be of general interest for other uses of HGM materials. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Farkas, Julia Aune, Marianne Hansen, Bjørn Henrik Nordam, Tor Nordtug, Trond Almeida Carvalho, Patricia Throne-Holst, Mimmi |
spellingShingle |
Farkas, Julia Aune, Marianne Hansen, Bjørn Henrik Nordam, Tor Nordtug, Trond Almeida Carvalho, Patricia Throne-Holst, Mimmi Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
author_facet |
Farkas, Julia Aune, Marianne Hansen, Bjørn Henrik Nordam, Tor Nordtug, Trond Almeida Carvalho, Patricia Throne-Holst, Mimmi |
author_sort |
Farkas, Julia |
title |
Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
title_short |
Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
title_full |
Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
title_sort |
characterization of hollow glass microspheres with potential for regional climate intervention to preserve snow and ice surfaces |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3113257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
albedo Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
8 215 Cold Regions Science and Technology 103967 |
op_relation |
Cold Regions Science and Technology. 2023, 215: 103967. urn:issn:0165-232X https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3113257 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 cristin:2184301 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103967 |
container_title |
Cold Regions Science and Technology |
container_volume |
215 |
container_start_page |
103967 |
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1790609762922004480 |