Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones
North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are among the most severe weather systems, causing enormous economic damages and threatening human lives. The cyclone is typically characterized by cyclonic convergent surface winds, strong updrafts, and precipitation. However, extreme surface winds are often obse...
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AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10371/204926 https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110330 |
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ftseoulnuniv:oai:s-space.snu.ac.kr:10371/204926 2024-09-15T18:21:22+00:00 Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones Son, Jun-Hyeok Franzke, Christian L. E. Son, Seok-Woo Son, Seok-Woo 2024-08-06 https://hdl.handle.net/10371/204926 https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110330 영어 unknown AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol.51 No.14 0094-8276 https://hdl.handle.net/10371/204926 doi:10.1029/2024GL110330 001277823300001 2-s2.0-85200040265 221078 STING JETS STORM PERSPECTIVE storms atmospheric dynamics windspeed extremes fronts Article ART 2024 ftseoulnuniv https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110330 2024-08-13T23:46:33Z North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are among the most severe weather systems, causing enormous economic damages and threatening human lives. The cyclone is typically characterized by cyclonic convergent surface winds, strong updrafts, and precipitation. However, extreme surface winds are often observed within the cyclone where downdrafts develop. The present study investigates the dynamical and thermodynamical characteristics of the horizontal winds impinging on the cold frontal surface and the associated downdrafts. It is shown that the cyclonic winds into the cold frontal surface are mainly responsible for the downdrafts that transport the high-altitude horizontal momentum to the surface and cause intense surface winds. About half of the North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are accompanied by the downdrafts especially in the southern and western parts of the cyclone center. In the midlatitudes, air temperature decreases toward the poles, and cyclone systems typically travel eastward along regions characterized by strong meridional temperature gradients. Over the cyclone-influencing area, the cyclonic, counterclockwise rotating, wind induces southward cold advection on the western side of the cyclone center. Therefore, during the early phase of the North Atlantic midlatitude cyclone, the generation of the cold front, which has a steep gradient of temperature to the west of the cyclone center, and that is a common feature. Even after the formation of the cold front, the horizontal winds keep impinging on the frontal surface. Then the horizontal winds blocked by the frontal surface and downdrafts are induced. The downdrafts transport the upper-level intense wind speed to the lower level strengthening the surface winds. Surface winds within North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are strengthened by strong downdrafts and downward momentum transports Downdrafts can be generated by the horizontal winds impinging on the cold frontal surface Cyclones tend to accompany the downdrafts more to the south and west of the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Seoul National University: S-Space Geophysical Research Letters 51 14 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Seoul National University: S-Space |
op_collection_id |
ftseoulnuniv |
language |
unknown |
topic |
STING JETS STORM PERSPECTIVE storms atmospheric dynamics windspeed extremes fronts |
spellingShingle |
STING JETS STORM PERSPECTIVE storms atmospheric dynamics windspeed extremes fronts Son, Jun-Hyeok Franzke, Christian L. E. Son, Seok-Woo Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones |
topic_facet |
STING JETS STORM PERSPECTIVE storms atmospheric dynamics windspeed extremes fronts |
description |
North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are among the most severe weather systems, causing enormous economic damages and threatening human lives. The cyclone is typically characterized by cyclonic convergent surface winds, strong updrafts, and precipitation. However, extreme surface winds are often observed within the cyclone where downdrafts develop. The present study investigates the dynamical and thermodynamical characteristics of the horizontal winds impinging on the cold frontal surface and the associated downdrafts. It is shown that the cyclonic winds into the cold frontal surface are mainly responsible for the downdrafts that transport the high-altitude horizontal momentum to the surface and cause intense surface winds. About half of the North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are accompanied by the downdrafts especially in the southern and western parts of the cyclone center. In the midlatitudes, air temperature decreases toward the poles, and cyclone systems typically travel eastward along regions characterized by strong meridional temperature gradients. Over the cyclone-influencing area, the cyclonic, counterclockwise rotating, wind induces southward cold advection on the western side of the cyclone center. Therefore, during the early phase of the North Atlantic midlatitude cyclone, the generation of the cold front, which has a steep gradient of temperature to the west of the cyclone center, and that is a common feature. Even after the formation of the cold front, the horizontal winds keep impinging on the frontal surface. Then the horizontal winds blocked by the frontal surface and downdrafts are induced. The downdrafts transport the upper-level intense wind speed to the lower level strengthening the surface winds. Surface winds within North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones are strengthened by strong downdrafts and downward momentum transports Downdrafts can be generated by the horizontal winds impinging on the cold frontal surface Cyclones tend to accompany the downdrafts more to the south and west of the ... |
author2 |
Son, Seok-Woo |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Son, Jun-Hyeok Franzke, Christian L. E. Son, Seok-Woo |
author_facet |
Son, Jun-Hyeok Franzke, Christian L. E. Son, Seok-Woo |
author_sort |
Son, Jun-Hyeok |
title |
Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones |
title_short |
Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones |
title_full |
Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones |
title_fullStr |
Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dynamics of Extreme Surface Winds Inside North Atlantic Midlatitude Cyclones |
title_sort |
dynamics of extreme surface winds inside north atlantic midlatitude cyclones |
publisher |
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10371/204926 https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110330 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol.51 No.14 0094-8276 https://hdl.handle.net/10371/204926 doi:10.1029/2024GL110330 001277823300001 2-s2.0-85200040265 221078 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110330 |
container_title |
Geophysical Research Letters |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
14 |
_version_ |
1810459891904544768 |