A Unique Benthic Microbial Community Underlying the Phaeocystis antarctica-Dominated Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica: A Proxy for Assessing the Impact of Global Changes

Polynyas in the polar seas are regarded as windows through which ecosystem responses associated with global climate changes are to be noticed. However, little information is available on benthic microbial communities in the Amundsen Sea polynya (ASP), where environmental changes due to global warmin...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in Marine Science
Main Authors: Cho, Hyeyoun, Hwang, Chung Yeon, Kim, Jong-Geol, Kang, Sanghoon, Knittel, Katrin, Choi, Ayeon, Kim, Sung-Han, Rhee, Sung-Keun, Yang, Eun Jin, Lee, SangHoon, Hyun, Jung-Ho
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Subjects:
RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES
PINE ISLAND GLACIER
BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES
MARINE-SEDIMENTS
ROSS SEA
SP-NOV
RHODOPIRELLULA-BALTICA
PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOM
AMMONIA OXIDATION
CONTINENTAL-SHELF
Amundsen Sea polynya
Antarctica
benthic microbial community
global climate change
organic carbon mineralization
Phaesocystis antarctica
Planctomycetes
Thaumarchaeota
Amundsen Sea
Pine Island Glacier
Ross Sea
Southern Ocean
Antarc*
Pine Island
Sea ice
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10371/189759
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00797
Description
Summary:Polynyas in the polar seas are regarded as windows through which ecosystem responses associated with global climate changes are to be noticed. However, little information is available on benthic microbial communities in the Amundsen Sea polynya (ASP), where environmental changes due to global warming are occurring rapidly, from which future climate change-induced ecosystem responses could be assessed. We performed high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and quantitative PCR in combination with biogeochemical analyses and metabolic rate measurements to determine the composition, diversity and controls of major microbial communities in sediments of the ASP. A large fraction of the sequenced benthic microbial community (40% on average) in the polynya was uniquely affiliated with the phylum Planctomycetes, whereas Thaumarchaeota (51% on average) predominated in non-polynya areas. The relative abundance of Planctomycetes correlated significantly with organic carbon (C org ) content in the polynya sediment underlying the Phaeocystis-dominated water column. These results suggest that Planctomycetes comprise a major bacterial group utilizing relatively recalcitrant C org produced primarily by Phaeocystis blooms. In contrast, the predominance of chemolithoautotrohic Thaumarchaeota in the sea-ice zone was attributed to low C o r g supply due to low primary productivity in the ice-covered water column. The Planctomycetes-dominated microbial communities in the ASP is in stark contrast to that Proteobacteria (Delta- and Gamma-proteobacteria) occupy ecological niches as primary mineralizers of organic materials in most benthic systems in the Southern Ocean, where organic materials in the sediments mostly originate from diatom blooms. Given that microbial communities respond quickly to environmental changes, and that global climate change is proceeding rapidly in the ASP, our results suggest that any modifications in the Flanctomycetas-dominated microbial communities will provide valuable insight into changes in organic ...

Similar Items