Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea
학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의학과 수의병리학 전공, 2016. 8. 채찬희. In Korea, there are wide range of marine mammals including spotted seals, Northern fur Seals, common dolphins and finless porpoises. Northern fur seals are usually found by one or two off the coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do, and spotted seals around Bae...
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서울대학교 대학원
2016
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10371/120249 |
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Seoul National University: S-Space |
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marine mammals bacteria 636 |
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marine mammals bacteria 636 이기찬 Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea |
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marine mammals bacteria 636 |
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학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의학과 수의병리학 전공, 2016. 8. 채찬희. In Korea, there are wide range of marine mammals including spotted seals, Northern fur Seals, common dolphins and finless porpoises. Northern fur seals are usually found by one or two off the coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do, and spotted seals around Baengnyeong Island, the West Coast, the Southern Ocean in East and East Sea Coast area. There are also minke whales, Pacific white-sided dolphins, common dolphins, and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins in the coast of Korea. Recently, the reports on marine mammal diseases increase worldwide. Although there are many marine mammals in Republic of Korea, a few study on the marine mammal diseases to date, and thus we started to research on bacterial diseases of marine mammals. First of all, bacterial examination of the tissues of a male finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, found dead in February 2010 in Tongyeong, Republic of Korea, was performed, and Dietzia cinnamea and Clostridium tertium were isolated from lung and intestine, respectively. C. tertium is a non-toxin producing clostridia, but damages gastrointestinal mucosa by direct colonization, and causes abscessation, osteomyelitis, and death in a dolphin. However, we could not determine whether these organisms resulted in any clinical symptoms of the finless porpoise. In the winter of 2012, an adult female Steller sea lion was found dead at Biyang-do, a small island near Jeju-do in Republic of Korea. As a result of bacterial examination, Streptococcus phocae and Streptococcus halichoeri were isolated, which were known as pathogenic bacteria of marine mammals. However, we could not prove if their infection contributed to the death of the Steller sea lion. A total of 44 long-beaked common dolphins, Delphinus capensis, 21 females and 23 males, were taken in the South and East Seas coast of Republic of Korea. They were bycaught in sotw nets on anchors from February 2012 to August 2013. Twenty-one spcies of bacteria were cultured from tissue samples of long-beaked common dolphins. Among the isolates, several bacteria are known as bacterial pathogen to marine mammals and humans. Histopathological examination could not reveal pathogenicity of the isolates on the death of dolphins. As a result of analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the bacteria isolated from marine mammals, Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were sensitive to all tested antibiotics. Fifty-four percent were resistant to at least one antibiotic, while 17% were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Key words: antimicrobial resistance, bacteria, Delphinus capensis, Eumetopias jubatus, finless porpoise, long-beaked common dolphin, marine mammals, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, Steller Sea Lion, Republic of Korea GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 3 Introduction 3 Mass Mortality events 4 Marine mammal zoonoses 11 Bacterial diseases 13 Brucellosis 15 Erysipelothras 16 Leptospirosis 18 Mycobacteriosis 19 Pasteurellosis 21 Nocardiosis 22 Mycoplasmosis 24 References 26 Chapter 1 Dietzia cinnamea and Clostridium tertium isolated from a finless porpoise (Neophocaen asiaeorientalis) in Republic of Korea 44 Abstract 45 Introduction 46 Materials and methods 47 Results 48 Discussion 51 References 55 Chapter 2 Streptococcus halichoeri and Streptococcus phocae from a Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) in Republic of Korea 58 Abstract 59 Introduction 60 Materials and methods 61 Results 63 Discussion 65 References 68 Chapter 3 Bacteria isolated from Long-beaked Common Dolphins (Delphinus capensis) in Republic of Korea 72 Abstract 73 Introduction 74 Materials and methods 76 Results 78 Discussion 84 References 87 Chapter 4 Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from marine mammals of Republic of Korea 92 Abstract 93 Introduction 94 Materials and methods 97 Results 101 Discussion 105 References 108 GENARAL CONCLUSION 112 ABSTACT IN KOREAN 114 Doctor |
author2 |
채찬희 수의과대학 수의학과 |
format |
Thesis |
author |
이기찬 |
author_facet |
이기찬 |
author_sort |
이기찬 |
title |
Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea |
title_short |
Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea |
title_full |
Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea |
title_fullStr |
Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea |
title_sort |
pathology and etiology of marine mammals causing sudden death in republic of korea |
publisher |
서울대학교 대학원 |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10371/120249 |
geographic |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
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000000137157 http://hdl.handle.net/10371/120249 |
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1766207964224421888 |
spelling |
ftseoulnuniv:oai:s-space.snu.ac.kr:10371/120249 2023-05-15T18:26:06+02:00 Pathology and Etiology of Marine Mammals Causing Sudden Death in Republic of Korea 이기찬 채찬희 수의과대학 수의학과 2016-08 application/pdf 1262691 bytes http://hdl.handle.net/10371/120249 en eng 서울대학교 대학원 000000137157 http://hdl.handle.net/10371/120249 marine mammals bacteria 636 Thesis 2016 ftseoulnuniv 2019-11-15T01:24:49Z 학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의학과 수의병리학 전공, 2016. 8. 채찬희. In Korea, there are wide range of marine mammals including spotted seals, Northern fur Seals, common dolphins and finless porpoises. Northern fur seals are usually found by one or two off the coast of Gyeongsangbuk-do, and spotted seals around Baengnyeong Island, the West Coast, the Southern Ocean in East and East Sea Coast area. There are also minke whales, Pacific white-sided dolphins, common dolphins, and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins in the coast of Korea. Recently, the reports on marine mammal diseases increase worldwide. Although there are many marine mammals in Republic of Korea, a few study on the marine mammal diseases to date, and thus we started to research on bacterial diseases of marine mammals. First of all, bacterial examination of the tissues of a male finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, found dead in February 2010 in Tongyeong, Republic of Korea, was performed, and Dietzia cinnamea and Clostridium tertium were isolated from lung and intestine, respectively. C. tertium is a non-toxin producing clostridia, but damages gastrointestinal mucosa by direct colonization, and causes abscessation, osteomyelitis, and death in a dolphin. However, we could not determine whether these organisms resulted in any clinical symptoms of the finless porpoise. In the winter of 2012, an adult female Steller sea lion was found dead at Biyang-do, a small island near Jeju-do in Republic of Korea. As a result of bacterial examination, Streptococcus phocae and Streptococcus halichoeri were isolated, which were known as pathogenic bacteria of marine mammals. However, we could not prove if their infection contributed to the death of the Steller sea lion. A total of 44 long-beaked common dolphins, Delphinus capensis, 21 females and 23 males, were taken in the South and East Seas coast of Republic of Korea. They were bycaught in sotw nets on anchors from February 2012 to August 2013. Twenty-one spcies of bacteria were cultured from tissue samples of long-beaked common dolphins. Among the isolates, several bacteria are known as bacterial pathogen to marine mammals and humans. Histopathological examination could not reveal pathogenicity of the isolates on the death of dolphins. As a result of analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the bacteria isolated from marine mammals, Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were sensitive to all tested antibiotics. Fifty-four percent were resistant to at least one antibiotic, while 17% were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Key words: antimicrobial resistance, bacteria, Delphinus capensis, Eumetopias jubatus, finless porpoise, long-beaked common dolphin, marine mammals, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, Steller Sea Lion, Republic of Korea GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 3 Introduction 3 Mass Mortality events 4 Marine mammal zoonoses 11 Bacterial diseases 13 Brucellosis 15 Erysipelothras 16 Leptospirosis 18 Mycobacteriosis 19 Pasteurellosis 21 Nocardiosis 22 Mycoplasmosis 24 References 26 Chapter 1 Dietzia cinnamea and Clostridium tertium isolated from a finless porpoise (Neophocaen asiaeorientalis) in Republic of Korea 44 Abstract 45 Introduction 46 Materials and methods 47 Results 48 Discussion 51 References 55 Chapter 2 Streptococcus halichoeri and Streptococcus phocae from a Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) in Republic of Korea 58 Abstract 59 Introduction 60 Materials and methods 61 Results 63 Discussion 65 References 68 Chapter 3 Bacteria isolated from Long-beaked Common Dolphins (Delphinus capensis) in Republic of Korea 72 Abstract 73 Introduction 74 Materials and methods 76 Results 78 Discussion 84 References 87 Chapter 4 Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from marine mammals of Republic of Korea 92 Abstract 93 Introduction 94 Materials and methods 97 Results 101 Discussion 105 References 108 GENARAL CONCLUSION 112 ABSTACT IN KOREAN 114 Doctor Thesis Southern Ocean Seoul National University: S-Space Pacific Southern Ocean |