Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS)
Perchlorate, a nonvolatile, highly polarizable anion, has been found in ground water and soil. Human exposure to perchlorate through food and water constitutes a human health threat because perchlorate inhibits iodide intake needed by the thyroid gland for proper central nervous system development i...
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ftsdakotastateun:oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:etd-2389 2023-11-12T04:18:04+01:00 Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) Brandis, Derek Lee 2013-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1387 https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/context/etd/article/2389/viewcontent/Brandis_Derek_2013.pdf en eng Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1387 https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/context/etd/article/2389/viewcontent/Brandis_Derek_2013.pdf In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/ Electronic Theses and Dissertations Environmental Chemistry Environmental Sciences text 2013 ftsdakotastateun 2023-10-30T09:47:45Z Perchlorate, a nonvolatile, highly polarizable anion, has been found in ground water and soil. Human exposure to perchlorate through food and water constitutes a human health threat because perchlorate inhibits iodide intake needed by the thyroid gland for proper central nervous system development in infants and for regulating metabolism in adults. The perchlorate in the environment today likely comes from both natural and anthropogenic sources. To reduce the threat posed by environmental perchlorate, it is necessary to know the contribution from anthropogenic sources and that from natural sources. The contribution from natural sources can be estimated from perchlorate measurement of polar snow preserved from time periods when human impact on the environment was minimal. Therefore, a perchlorate record from ice cores will be valuable to our decision to reduce perchlorate from human activities. To measure ultra-trace perchlorate concentrations in ice cores, a method has been developed using IC-MS/MS with a detection limit of 0.1 ppt. The method (run time <16 min) analyzes an ice sample as-is without any additional sample preparation such as preconcentration. Using this method, perchlorate concentrations in a Greenland ice core were measured yielding a perchlorate record covering the last 300 years. This record is used to assess the anthropogenic contribution to perchlorate in the current environment by comparing the amount of perchlorate in the environment before the Industrial Revolution and to the amount present today. The average natural level was found to be 0.7 ppt with a standard deviation of 0.3 ppt from a time period before the Industrial Revolution. In comparison, perchlorate concentrations in a recent time period (1950 to present) average about 1.4 ppt, a 100% increase over the natural level. This data indicates that anthropogenic sources contribute about 50% to the total perchlorate found in the current environment. In addition, a correlation between volcanic events and perchlorate formation is ... Text Greenland Greenland ice core ice core South Dakota State University (SDSU): Open PRAIRIE (Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange) Greenland |
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Open Polar |
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South Dakota State University (SDSU): Open PRAIRIE (Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange) |
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ftsdakotastateun |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental Chemistry Environmental Sciences |
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Environmental Chemistry Environmental Sciences Brandis, Derek Lee Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) |
topic_facet |
Environmental Chemistry Environmental Sciences |
description |
Perchlorate, a nonvolatile, highly polarizable anion, has been found in ground water and soil. Human exposure to perchlorate through food and water constitutes a human health threat because perchlorate inhibits iodide intake needed by the thyroid gland for proper central nervous system development in infants and for regulating metabolism in adults. The perchlorate in the environment today likely comes from both natural and anthropogenic sources. To reduce the threat posed by environmental perchlorate, it is necessary to know the contribution from anthropogenic sources and that from natural sources. The contribution from natural sources can be estimated from perchlorate measurement of polar snow preserved from time periods when human impact on the environment was minimal. Therefore, a perchlorate record from ice cores will be valuable to our decision to reduce perchlorate from human activities. To measure ultra-trace perchlorate concentrations in ice cores, a method has been developed using IC-MS/MS with a detection limit of 0.1 ppt. The method (run time <16 min) analyzes an ice sample as-is without any additional sample preparation such as preconcentration. Using this method, perchlorate concentrations in a Greenland ice core were measured yielding a perchlorate record covering the last 300 years. This record is used to assess the anthropogenic contribution to perchlorate in the current environment by comparing the amount of perchlorate in the environment before the Industrial Revolution and to the amount present today. The average natural level was found to be 0.7 ppt with a standard deviation of 0.3 ppt from a time period before the Industrial Revolution. In comparison, perchlorate concentrations in a recent time period (1950 to present) average about 1.4 ppt, a 100% increase over the natural level. This data indicates that anthropogenic sources contribute about 50% to the total perchlorate found in the current environment. In addition, a correlation between volcanic events and perchlorate formation is ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Brandis, Derek Lee |
author_facet |
Brandis, Derek Lee |
author_sort |
Brandis, Derek Lee |
title |
Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) |
title_short |
Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) |
title_full |
Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) |
title_fullStr |
Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Three Hundred Year Record of Part Per Trillion (PPT)-level Perchlorate Measured with Ion Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC - MS/MS) |
title_sort |
three hundred year record of part per trillion (ppt)-level perchlorate measured with ion chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (ic - ms/ms) |
publisher |
Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1387 https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/context/etd/article/2389/viewcontent/Brandis_Derek_2013.pdf |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Greenland ice core ice core |
genre_facet |
Greenland Greenland ice core ice core |
op_source |
Electronic Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1387 https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/context/etd/article/2389/viewcontent/Brandis_Derek_2013.pdf |
op_rights |
In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/ |
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1782334781943447552 |