CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus
The population diversity and structure of CRISPR–Cas immunity provides key insights into virus–host interactions. Here, we examine two geographically and genetically distinct natural populations of the thermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus and their interactions with Sulfolobus spindle-sha...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/CRISPR_Spacers_-_List_of_all_spacers_used_for_this_analysis_from_Yellowstone_from_Diversified_local_CRISPR_Cas_immunity_to_viruses_of_i_Sulfolobus_islandicus_i_/7701053 |
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ftroysocietyfig:oai:figshare.com:article/7701053 2023-05-15T16:59:21+02:00 CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus Matthew D. Pauly Maria A. Bautista Jesse A. Black Rachel J. Whitaker 2019-02-11T14:14:21Z https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/CRISPR_Spacers_-_List_of_all_spacers_used_for_this_analysis_from_Yellowstone_from_Diversified_local_CRISPR_Cas_immunity_to_viruses_of_i_Sulfolobus_islandicus_i_/7701053 unknown doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/CRISPR_Spacers_-_List_of_all_spacers_used_for_this_analysis_from_Yellowstone_from_Diversified_local_CRISPR_Cas_immunity_to_viruses_of_i_Sulfolobus_islandicus_i_/7701053 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Microbiology Evolutionary Biology CRISPR immunity population diversity microbial evolution host–virus interactions Text Journal contribution 2019 ftroysocietyfig https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 2022-01-01T19:42:02Z The population diversity and structure of CRISPR–Cas immunity provides key insights into virus–host interactions. Here, we examine two geographically and genetically distinct natural populations of the thermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus and their interactions with Sulfolobus spindle-shaped viruses (SSVs) and S. islandicus rod-shaped viruses (SIRVs). We found that both virus families can be targeted with high population distributed immunity, whereby most immune strains target a virus using unique unshared CRISPR spacers. In Kamchatka, Russia, we observed high immunity to chronic SSVs that increases over time. In this context, we found that some SSVs had shortened genomes lacking genes that are highly targeted by the S. islandicus population, indicating a potential mechanism of immune evasion. By contrast, in Yellowstone National Park, we find high inter- and intra-strain immune diversity targeting lytic SIRVs and low immunity to chronic SSVs. In this population, we observed evidence of SIRVs evolving immunity through mutations concentrated in the first five bases of protospacers. These results indicate that diversity and structure of antiviral CRISPR–Cas immunity for a single microbial species can differ by both the population and virus type, and suggest that different virus families use different mechanisms to evade CRISPR–Cas immunity.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The ecology and evolution of prokaryotic CRISPR–Cas adaptive immune systems’. Other Non-Article Part of Journal/Newspaper Kamchatka The Royal Society: Figshare |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftroysocietyfig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology Evolutionary Biology CRISPR immunity population diversity microbial evolution host–virus interactions |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Evolutionary Biology CRISPR immunity population diversity microbial evolution host–virus interactions Matthew D. Pauly Maria A. Bautista Jesse A. Black Rachel J. Whitaker CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus |
topic_facet |
Microbiology Evolutionary Biology CRISPR immunity population diversity microbial evolution host–virus interactions |
description |
The population diversity and structure of CRISPR–Cas immunity provides key insights into virus–host interactions. Here, we examine two geographically and genetically distinct natural populations of the thermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus and their interactions with Sulfolobus spindle-shaped viruses (SSVs) and S. islandicus rod-shaped viruses (SIRVs). We found that both virus families can be targeted with high population distributed immunity, whereby most immune strains target a virus using unique unshared CRISPR spacers. In Kamchatka, Russia, we observed high immunity to chronic SSVs that increases over time. In this context, we found that some SSVs had shortened genomes lacking genes that are highly targeted by the S. islandicus population, indicating a potential mechanism of immune evasion. By contrast, in Yellowstone National Park, we find high inter- and intra-strain immune diversity targeting lytic SIRVs and low immunity to chronic SSVs. In this population, we observed evidence of SIRVs evolving immunity through mutations concentrated in the first five bases of protospacers. These results indicate that diversity and structure of antiviral CRISPR–Cas immunity for a single microbial species can differ by both the population and virus type, and suggest that different virus families use different mechanisms to evade CRISPR–Cas immunity.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The ecology and evolution of prokaryotic CRISPR–Cas adaptive immune systems’. |
format |
Other Non-Article Part of Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Matthew D. Pauly Maria A. Bautista Jesse A. Black Rachel J. Whitaker |
author_facet |
Matthew D. Pauly Maria A. Bautista Jesse A. Black Rachel J. Whitaker |
author_sort |
Matthew D. Pauly |
title |
CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus |
title_short |
CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus |
title_full |
CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus |
title_fullStr |
CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus |
title_full_unstemmed |
CRISPR.Spacers - List of all spacers used for this analysis from Yellowstone from Diversified local CRISPR–Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus |
title_sort |
crispr.spacers - list of all spacers used for this analysis from yellowstone from diversified local crispr–cas immunity to viruses of sulfolobus islandicus |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/CRISPR_Spacers_-_List_of_all_spacers_used_for_this_analysis_from_Yellowstone_from_Diversified_local_CRISPR_Cas_immunity_to_viruses_of_i_Sulfolobus_islandicus_i_/7701053 |
genre |
Kamchatka |
genre_facet |
Kamchatka |
op_relation |
doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/CRISPR_Spacers_-_List_of_all_spacers_used_for_this_analysis_from_Yellowstone_from_Diversified_local_CRISPR_Cas_immunity_to_viruses_of_i_Sulfolobus_islandicus_i_/7701053 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7701053.v1 |
_version_ |
1766051597141409792 |