Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals
Sex-specific phenotypic differences are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Reproductive advantages provided by trait differences come at a cost. Here, we link sex-specific foraging strategies to trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seal...
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ftroysocietyfig:oai:figshare.com:article/17701329 2023-05-15T16:05:39+02:00 Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals Sarah S. Kienle Ari S. Friedlaender Daniel E. Crocker Rita S. Mehta Daniel P. Costa 2021-12-29T01:10:22Z https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17701329.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Supplementary_tables_and_model_results_from_Trade-offs_between_foraging_reward_and_mortality_risk_drive_sex-specific_foraging_strategies_in_sexually_dimorphic_northern_elephant_seals/17701329 unknown doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17701329.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Supplementary_tables_and_model_results_from_Trade-offs_between_foraging_reward_and_mortality_risk_drive_sex-specific_foraging_strategies_in_sexually_dimorphic_northern_elephant_seals/17701329 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Physiology Ecology Animal Behaviour niche divergence feeding fitness marine mammal spatial ecology survival Text Journal contribution 2021 ftroysocietyfig https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17701329.v1 2022-01-01T19:05:23Z Sex-specific phenotypic differences are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Reproductive advantages provided by trait differences come at a cost. Here, we link sex-specific foraging strategies to trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals ( Mirounga angustirostris ). We analyse a decadal dataset on movement patterns, dive behaviour, foraging success and mortality rates. Females are deep-diving predators in open ocean habitats. Males are shallow-diving benthic predators in continental shelf habitats. Males gain six times more mass and acquire energy 4.1 times faster than females. High foraging success comes with a high mortality rate. Males are six times more likely to die than females. These foraging strategies and trade-offs are related to different energy demands and life-history strategies. Males use a foraging strategy with a high mortality risk to attain large body sizes necessary to compete for females, as only a fraction of the largest males ever mate. Females use a foraging strategy with a lower mortality risk, maximizing reproductive success by pupping annually over a long lifespan. Our results highlight how sex-specific traits can drive disparity in mortality rates and expand species' niche space. Further, trade-offs between foraging rewards and mortality risk can differentially affect each sex's ability to maximize fitness. Other Non-Article Part of Journal/Newspaper Elephant Seals The Royal Society: Figshare |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society: Figshare |
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ftroysocietyfig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Physiology Ecology Animal Behaviour niche divergence feeding fitness marine mammal spatial ecology survival |
spellingShingle |
Physiology Ecology Animal Behaviour niche divergence feeding fitness marine mammal spatial ecology survival Sarah S. Kienle Ari S. Friedlaender Daniel E. Crocker Rita S. Mehta Daniel P. Costa Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
topic_facet |
Physiology Ecology Animal Behaviour niche divergence feeding fitness marine mammal spatial ecology survival |
description |
Sex-specific phenotypic differences are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Reproductive advantages provided by trait differences come at a cost. Here, we link sex-specific foraging strategies to trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals ( Mirounga angustirostris ). We analyse a decadal dataset on movement patterns, dive behaviour, foraging success and mortality rates. Females are deep-diving predators in open ocean habitats. Males are shallow-diving benthic predators in continental shelf habitats. Males gain six times more mass and acquire energy 4.1 times faster than females. High foraging success comes with a high mortality rate. Males are six times more likely to die than females. These foraging strategies and trade-offs are related to different energy demands and life-history strategies. Males use a foraging strategy with a high mortality risk to attain large body sizes necessary to compete for females, as only a fraction of the largest males ever mate. Females use a foraging strategy with a lower mortality risk, maximizing reproductive success by pupping annually over a long lifespan. Our results highlight how sex-specific traits can drive disparity in mortality rates and expand species' niche space. Further, trade-offs between foraging rewards and mortality risk can differentially affect each sex's ability to maximize fitness. |
format |
Other Non-Article Part of Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarah S. Kienle Ari S. Friedlaender Daniel E. Crocker Rita S. Mehta Daniel P. Costa |
author_facet |
Sarah S. Kienle Ari S. Friedlaender Daniel E. Crocker Rita S. Mehta Daniel P. Costa |
author_sort |
Sarah S. Kienle |
title |
Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
title_short |
Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
title_full |
Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
title_fullStr |
Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
title_full_unstemmed |
Supplementary tables and model results from Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
title_sort |
supplementary tables and model results from trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17701329.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Supplementary_tables_and_model_results_from_Trade-offs_between_foraging_reward_and_mortality_risk_drive_sex-specific_foraging_strategies_in_sexually_dimorphic_northern_elephant_seals/17701329 |
genre |
Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seals |
op_relation |
doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17701329.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Supplementary_tables_and_model_results_from_Trade-offs_between_foraging_reward_and_mortality_risk_drive_sex-specific_foraging_strategies_in_sexually_dimorphic_northern_elephant_seals/17701329 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17701329.v1 |
_version_ |
1766401553879531520 |