Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS
BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports—among others—the BIOMEX investigations into the stability...
Published in: | Astrobiology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Robert Koch-Institut
2019
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 http://edoc.rki.de/176904/6142 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:0257-176904/6142-0 https://doi.org/10.25646/6114 |
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ftrobertkoch:oai:edoc.rki.de:176904/6142 2023-05-15T17:58:15+02:00 Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baqué, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martínez-Frías, Jesús Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Garcia Sancho, Leo Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich 2019-02-11 application/pdf https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 http://edoc.rki.de/176904/6142 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:0257-176904/6142-0 https://doi.org/10.25646/6114 eng eng Robert Koch-Institut doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1897 http://edoc.rki.de/176904/6142 urn:nbn:de:kobv:0257-176904/6142-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.25646/6114 (CC BY 3.0 DE) Namensnennung 3.0 Deutschland http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/ CC-BY BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars 610 Medizin und Gesundheit ddc:610 article doc-type:article publishedVersion 2019 ftrobertkoch https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 https://doi.org/10.25646/6114 2022-06-20T05:48:51Z BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports—among others—the BIOMEX investigations into the stability and level of degradation of space-exposed biosignatures such as pigments, secondary metabolites, and cell surfaces in contact with a terrestrial and Mars analog mineral environment. In parallel, analysis on the viability of the investigated organisms has provided relevant data for evaluation of the habitability of Mars, for the limits of life, and for the likelihood of an interplanetary transfer of life (theory of lithopanspermia). In this project, lichens, archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, snow/permafrost algae, meristematic black fungi, and bryophytes from alpine and polar habitats were embedded, grown, and cultured on a mixture of martian and lunar regolith analogs or other terrestrial minerals. The organisms and regolith analogs and terrestrial mineral mixtures were then exposed to space and to simulated Mars-like conditions by way of the EXPOSE-R2 facility. In this special issue, we present the first set of data obtained in reference to our investigation into the habitability of Mars and limits of life. This project was initiated and implemented by the BIOMEXgroup, an international and interdisciplinary consortiumof 30 institutes in 12 countries on 3 continents. Preflight tests for sample selection, results from ground-based simulation experiments, and the space experiments themselves are presented and include a complete overview of the scientific processes required for this space experiment and postflight analysis. The presented BIOMEX concept could be scaled up to future exposure experiments on the Moon and will serve as a pretest in low Earth orbit. Key Words: EXPOSE-R2—BIOMEX—Habitability—Limits of life—Extremophiles—Mars. Astrobiology 19, 145–157. Peer Reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Robert Koch Institute: Publications Zvezda ENVELOPE(78.450,78.450,-68.550,-68.550) Astrobiology 19 2 145 157 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Robert Koch Institute: Publications |
op_collection_id |
ftrobertkoch |
language |
English |
topic |
BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars 610 Medizin und Gesundheit ddc:610 |
spellingShingle |
BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars 610 Medizin und Gesundheit ddc:610 de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baqué, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martínez-Frías, Jesús Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Garcia Sancho, Leo Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
topic_facet |
BIOMEX EXPOSE-R2 Extremophiles Habitability Limits of life Mars 610 Medizin und Gesundheit ddc:610 |
description |
BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment) is an ESA/Roscosmos space exposure experiment housed within the exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 outside the Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). The design of the multiuser facility supports—among others—the BIOMEX investigations into the stability and level of degradation of space-exposed biosignatures such as pigments, secondary metabolites, and cell surfaces in contact with a terrestrial and Mars analog mineral environment. In parallel, analysis on the viability of the investigated organisms has provided relevant data for evaluation of the habitability of Mars, for the limits of life, and for the likelihood of an interplanetary transfer of life (theory of lithopanspermia). In this project, lichens, archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, snow/permafrost algae, meristematic black fungi, and bryophytes from alpine and polar habitats were embedded, grown, and cultured on a mixture of martian and lunar regolith analogs or other terrestrial minerals. The organisms and regolith analogs and terrestrial mineral mixtures were then exposed to space and to simulated Mars-like conditions by way of the EXPOSE-R2 facility. In this special issue, we present the first set of data obtained in reference to our investigation into the habitability of Mars and limits of life. This project was initiated and implemented by the BIOMEXgroup, an international and interdisciplinary consortiumof 30 institutes in 12 countries on 3 continents. Preflight tests for sample selection, results from ground-based simulation experiments, and the space experiments themselves are presented and include a complete overview of the scientific processes required for this space experiment and postflight analysis. The presented BIOMEX concept could be scaled up to future exposure experiments on the Moon and will serve as a pretest in low Earth orbit. Key Words: EXPOSE-R2—BIOMEX—Habitability—Limits of life—Extremophiles—Mars. Astrobiology 19, 145–157. Peer Reviewed |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baqué, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martínez-Frías, Jesús Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Garcia Sancho, Leo Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich |
author_facet |
de Vera, Jean-Pierre Alawi, Mashal Backhaus, Theresa Baqué, Mickael Billi, Daniela Böttger, Ute Berger, Thomas Bohmeier, Maria Cockell, Charles Demets, René de la Torre Noetzel, Rosa Edwards, Howell Elsaesser, Andreas Fagliarone, Claudia Fiedler, Annelie Foing, Bernard Foucher, Frédéric Fritz, Jörg Hanke, Franziska Herzog, Thomas Horneck, Gerda Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm Huwe, Björn Joshi, Jasmin Kozyrovska, Natalia Kruchten, Martha Lasch, Peter Lee, Natuschka Leuko, Stefan Leya, Thomas Lorek, Andreas Martínez-Frías, Jesús Meessen, Joachim Moritz, Sophie Moeller, Ralf Olsson-Francis, Karen Onofri, Silvano Ott, Sieglinde Pacelli, Claudia Podolich, Olga Rabbow, Elke Reitz, Günther Rettberg, Petra Reva, Oleg Rothschild, Lynn Garcia Sancho, Leo Schulze-Makuch, Dirk Selbmann, Laura Serrano, Paloma Szewzyk, Ulrich |
author_sort |
de Vera, Jean-Pierre |
title |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_short |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_full |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_fullStr |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_full_unstemmed |
Limits of Life and the Habitability of Mars: The ESA Space Experiment BIOMEX on the ISS |
title_sort |
limits of life and the habitability of mars: the esa space experiment biomex on the iss |
publisher |
Robert Koch-Institut |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 http://edoc.rki.de/176904/6142 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:0257-176904/6142-0 https://doi.org/10.25646/6114 |
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ENVELOPE(78.450,78.450,-68.550,-68.550) |
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Zvezda |
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Zvezda |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_relation |
doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1897 http://edoc.rki.de/176904/6142 urn:nbn:de:kobv:0257-176904/6142-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.25646/6114 |
op_rights |
(CC BY 3.0 DE) Namensnennung 3.0 Deutschland http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/ |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2018.1897 https://doi.org/10.25646/6114 |
container_title |
Astrobiology |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
145 |
op_container_end_page |
157 |
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1766166826631299072 |