Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins
To avoid environmental pressure from water authorities, specifically regarding nitrogen and sulfate limits in tannery wastewater, modifications to existing deliming processes have been made. Conventional ammonium salt deliming methods contribute to Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen values in the region of 0.5...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Master Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Rhodes University
2002
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003977 https://corycommons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3918 |
id |
ftrhodesunivcory:vital:3918 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftrhodesunivcory:vital:3918 2023-05-15T15:52:37+02:00 Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins Flowers, Karl Bernard 2002 155 leaves pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003977 https://corycommons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3918 English eng Rhodes University Faculty of Science, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology vital:3918 https://corycommons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3918 http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003977 Flowers, Karl Bernard Tanning Hides and skins Carbon dioxide Thesis Masters MSc 2002 ftrhodesunivcory 2022-12-26T12:14:01Z To avoid environmental pressure from water authorities, specifically regarding nitrogen and sulfate limits in tannery wastewater, modifications to existing deliming processes have been made. Conventional ammonium salt deliming methods contribute to Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen values in the region of 0.5 – 1.0g/L (33-67% of total TKN). Sulfate levels are increased with the use of organic deliming and ammonium sulfate deliming to the extent of 0.9g/L (27% of total sulfate). To understand the dynamics and kinetics of carbon dioxide equilibrium, the movement of carbon dioxide into deliming water, through carbonic acid, bicarbonate and ultimately into carbonates at liming or early deliming pH was studied. It was shown in this study that effective lime removal, at optimum conditions, resulted in fully delimed pelts at highly comparable quality and times compared to conventional ammonium salt deliming Master Thesis Carbonic acid Rhodes University Cory: Repository |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Rhodes University Cory: Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftrhodesunivcory |
language |
English |
topic |
Tanning Hides and skins Carbon dioxide |
spellingShingle |
Tanning Hides and skins Carbon dioxide Flowers, Karl Bernard Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
topic_facet |
Tanning Hides and skins Carbon dioxide |
description |
To avoid environmental pressure from water authorities, specifically regarding nitrogen and sulfate limits in tannery wastewater, modifications to existing deliming processes have been made. Conventional ammonium salt deliming methods contribute to Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen values in the region of 0.5 – 1.0g/L (33-67% of total TKN). Sulfate levels are increased with the use of organic deliming and ammonium sulfate deliming to the extent of 0.9g/L (27% of total sulfate). To understand the dynamics and kinetics of carbon dioxide equilibrium, the movement of carbon dioxide into deliming water, through carbonic acid, bicarbonate and ultimately into carbonates at liming or early deliming pH was studied. It was shown in this study that effective lime removal, at optimum conditions, resulted in fully delimed pelts at highly comparable quality and times compared to conventional ammonium salt deliming |
format |
Master Thesis |
author |
Flowers, Karl Bernard |
author_facet |
Flowers, Karl Bernard |
author_sort |
Flowers, Karl Bernard |
title |
Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
title_short |
Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
title_full |
Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
title_fullStr |
Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
title_sort |
accelerated carbon dioxide deliming of cattle hides and sheepskins |
publisher |
Rhodes University |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003977 https://corycommons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3918 |
genre |
Carbonic acid |
genre_facet |
Carbonic acid |
op_relation |
vital:3918 https://corycommons.ru.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:3918 http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003977 |
op_rights |
Flowers, Karl Bernard |
_version_ |
1766387749404803072 |