Engineering challenges of ocean liming
The relationship between the level of atmospheric CO2 (carbon dioxide) and the impacts of climate change is uncertain, but a safe concentration may be surpassed this century. Therefore, it is necessary to develop technologies that can accelerate CO2 removal from the atmosphere. This paper explores t...
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ftrepec:oai:RePEc:eee:energy:v:60:y:2013:i:c:p:442-452 2024-04-14T08:17:46+00:00 Engineering challenges of ocean liming Renforth, P. Jenkins, B.G. Kruger, T. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544213006816 unknown http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544213006816 article ftrepec 2024-03-19T10:31:31Z The relationship between the level of atmospheric CO2 (carbon dioxide) and the impacts of climate change is uncertain, but a safe concentration may be surpassed this century. Therefore, it is necessary to develop technologies that can accelerate CO2 removal from the atmosphere. This paper explores the engineering challenges of a technology that manipulates the carbonate system in seawater by the addition of calcium oxide powder (CaO; lime), resulting in a net sequestration of atmospheric CO2 into the ocean (ocean liming; OL). Every tonne of CO2 sequestered requires between 1.4 and 1.7 t of limestone to be crushed, calcined, and distributed. Approximately 1 t of CO2 would be created from this activity, of which >80% is a high purity gas (pCO2 > 98%) amenable to geological storage. It is estimated that the thermal and electrical energy requirements for OL would be 0.6–5.6 and 0.1–1.2 GJ tCO2−1 captured respectively. A preliminary economic assessment suggests that OL could cost approximately US$72–159 t−1 of CO2. The additional CO2 burden of OL makes it a poor alternative to point source mitigation. However, it may provide a means to mitigate some diffuse emissions and reduce atmospheric concentrations. Carbon dioxide removal; Geoengineering; Lime; Ocean acidification; Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification RePEc (Research Papers in Economics) |
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RePEc (Research Papers in Economics) |
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The relationship between the level of atmospheric CO2 (carbon dioxide) and the impacts of climate change is uncertain, but a safe concentration may be surpassed this century. Therefore, it is necessary to develop technologies that can accelerate CO2 removal from the atmosphere. This paper explores the engineering challenges of a technology that manipulates the carbonate system in seawater by the addition of calcium oxide powder (CaO; lime), resulting in a net sequestration of atmospheric CO2 into the ocean (ocean liming; OL). Every tonne of CO2 sequestered requires between 1.4 and 1.7 t of limestone to be crushed, calcined, and distributed. Approximately 1 t of CO2 would be created from this activity, of which >80% is a high purity gas (pCO2 > 98%) amenable to geological storage. It is estimated that the thermal and electrical energy requirements for OL would be 0.6–5.6 and 0.1–1.2 GJ tCO2−1 captured respectively. A preliminary economic assessment suggests that OL could cost approximately US$72–159 t−1 of CO2. The additional CO2 burden of OL makes it a poor alternative to point source mitigation. However, it may provide a means to mitigate some diffuse emissions and reduce atmospheric concentrations. Carbon dioxide removal; Geoengineering; Lime; Ocean acidification; |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Renforth, P. Jenkins, B.G. Kruger, T. |
spellingShingle |
Renforth, P. Jenkins, B.G. Kruger, T. Engineering challenges of ocean liming |
author_facet |
Renforth, P. Jenkins, B.G. Kruger, T. |
author_sort |
Renforth, P. |
title |
Engineering challenges of ocean liming |
title_short |
Engineering challenges of ocean liming |
title_full |
Engineering challenges of ocean liming |
title_fullStr |
Engineering challenges of ocean liming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Engineering challenges of ocean liming |
title_sort |
engineering challenges of ocean liming |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544213006816 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544213006816 |
_version_ |
1796317041599184896 |