Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach
Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2007-12-20 15:20:46.342 Until recently it has been widely believed that significant anthropogenic influences on the environment began in Canada following the onset of European colonization. However, our paleolimnological data indicate that centuri...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2007
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1974/961 |
id |
ftqueensuniv:oai:https://qspace.library.queensu.ca:1974/961 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftqueensuniv:oai:https://qspace.library.queensu.ca:1974/961 2024-06-02T08:01:39+00:00 Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach Hadley, Kristopher R. Biology Smol, John P. 2007-12-20 15:20:46.342 4570041 bytes application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1974/961 eng eng Canadian theses http://hdl.handle.net/1974/961 This publication is made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner. High Arctic Paleolimnology Diatoms Nitrogen isotopes Thule Inuit thesis 2007 ftqueensuniv 2024-05-06T10:47:32Z Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2007-12-20 15:20:46.342 Until recently it has been widely believed that significant anthropogenic influences on the environment began in Canada following the onset of European colonization. However, our paleolimnological data indicate that centuries prior to European settlement, ponds on Ellesmere and Bathurst Island were impacted by Thule Inuit whalers, whose activities altered nutrient levels in nearby ponds. Two Thule Inuit whaling sites were selected based on input from several archaeologists, to ensure good coverage of the Thule geographic range and proximity to freshwater ponds. Multiple independent paleolimnological proxies have been used to analyze a pond from Ellesmere Island, showing taxonomic shifts in diatoms assemblages coinciding with 1.5 - 2‰ shifts in d15N, during the period of Thule occupation (ca. 1000 – 1670 AD). Increases in the relative abundance of Amphora ovalis, indicate nutrient concentrations above average for the High Arctic. Elevated levels of nitrogen and phosphorus were observed in the pond indicating the continuing influence of nutrient inputs centuries after the abandonment of the camp. Meanwhile, on Bathurst Island, the orientation of the Deblicquy site, such that the large majority of the Thule nutrient inputs are focused towards one of our two study ponds, provided us with the opportunity to compare two ponds that are essentially identical with the exception of the degree of Thule influence. In our “impacted” site, a marked increase in Stephanodiscus minutulus, coincides with a 2‰ shift in d15N. While our a priori determined control site shows no major changes in geochemistry or algal composition. Previous research on Bathurst Island used water chemistry and surface sediment diatoms to construct a diatom-inferred total nitrogen model for Bathurst Island. However, this study was limited by excluding unbuffered, low pH sites which characterize the western half of Bathurst Island. By expanding the previous Bathurst Island dataset ... Thesis Arctic Bathurst Island Ellesmere Island inuit Queen's University, Ontario: QSpace Arctic Ellesmere Island Canada Bathurst Island ENVELOPE(-100.002,-100.002,75.752,75.752) Two Ponds ENVELOPE(-57.915,-57.915,49.683,49.683) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Queen's University, Ontario: QSpace |
op_collection_id |
ftqueensuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
High Arctic Paleolimnology Diatoms Nitrogen isotopes Thule Inuit |
spellingShingle |
High Arctic Paleolimnology Diatoms Nitrogen isotopes Thule Inuit Hadley, Kristopher R. Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
topic_facet |
High Arctic Paleolimnology Diatoms Nitrogen isotopes Thule Inuit |
description |
Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2007-12-20 15:20:46.342 Until recently it has been widely believed that significant anthropogenic influences on the environment began in Canada following the onset of European colonization. However, our paleolimnological data indicate that centuries prior to European settlement, ponds on Ellesmere and Bathurst Island were impacted by Thule Inuit whalers, whose activities altered nutrient levels in nearby ponds. Two Thule Inuit whaling sites were selected based on input from several archaeologists, to ensure good coverage of the Thule geographic range and proximity to freshwater ponds. Multiple independent paleolimnological proxies have been used to analyze a pond from Ellesmere Island, showing taxonomic shifts in diatoms assemblages coinciding with 1.5 - 2‰ shifts in d15N, during the period of Thule occupation (ca. 1000 – 1670 AD). Increases in the relative abundance of Amphora ovalis, indicate nutrient concentrations above average for the High Arctic. Elevated levels of nitrogen and phosphorus were observed in the pond indicating the continuing influence of nutrient inputs centuries after the abandonment of the camp. Meanwhile, on Bathurst Island, the orientation of the Deblicquy site, such that the large majority of the Thule nutrient inputs are focused towards one of our two study ponds, provided us with the opportunity to compare two ponds that are essentially identical with the exception of the degree of Thule influence. In our “impacted” site, a marked increase in Stephanodiscus minutulus, coincides with a 2‰ shift in d15N. While our a priori determined control site shows no major changes in geochemistry or algal composition. Previous research on Bathurst Island used water chemistry and surface sediment diatoms to construct a diatom-inferred total nitrogen model for Bathurst Island. However, this study was limited by excluding unbuffered, low pH sites which characterize the western half of Bathurst Island. By expanding the previous Bathurst Island dataset ... |
author2 |
Biology Smol, John P. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Hadley, Kristopher R. |
author_facet |
Hadley, Kristopher R. |
author_sort |
Hadley, Kristopher R. |
title |
Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
title_short |
Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
title_full |
Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
title_fullStr |
Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing Thule Inuit impacts on High Arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
title_sort |
assessing thule inuit impacts on high arctic lakes and ponds : a paleolimnological approach |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1974/961 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-100.002,-100.002,75.752,75.752) ENVELOPE(-57.915,-57.915,49.683,49.683) |
geographic |
Arctic Ellesmere Island Canada Bathurst Island Two Ponds |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Ellesmere Island Canada Bathurst Island Two Ponds |
genre |
Arctic Bathurst Island Ellesmere Island inuit |
genre_facet |
Arctic Bathurst Island Ellesmere Island inuit |
op_relation |
Canadian theses http://hdl.handle.net/1974/961 |
op_rights |
This publication is made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner. |
_version_ |
1800746057679765504 |