Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period
Existing global volcanic radiative aerosol forcing estimates portray the period 700 to 1000 as volcanically quiescent, void of major volcanic eruptions. However, this disagrees with proximal Icelandic geological records and regional Greenland ice-core records of sulfate. Here, we use cryptotephra an...
Published in: | Communications Earth & Environment |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
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2024
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Online Access: | https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/9383dc68-63a4-49bd-8b67-3a9ce25e617e https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/580190895/s43247-024-01350-6.pdf |
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ftqueensubelpubl:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/9383dc68-63a4-49bd-8b67-3a9ce25e617e 2024-06-23T07:53:16+00:00 Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period Gabriel, Imogen Plunkett, Gill Abbott, Peter M. Behrans, Melanie Burke, Andrea Chellman, Nathan Cook, Eliza Fleitmann, Dominik Hörhold, Maria Hutchison, William McConnell, Joseph R. Óladóttir, Bergrún A. Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes Sliwinski, Jakub T. Sugden, Patrick Twarloh, Birthe Sigl, Michael 2024-04-10 application/pdf https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/9383dc68-63a4-49bd-8b67-3a9ce25e617e https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/580190895/s43247-024-01350-6.pdf eng eng https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/9383dc68-63a4-49bd-8b67-3a9ce25e617e info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Gabriel , I , Plunkett , G , Abbott , P M , Behrans , M , Burke , A , Chellman , N , Cook , E , Fleitmann , D , Hörhold , M , Hutchison , W , McConnell , J R , Óladóttir , B A , Preiser-Kapeller , J , Sliwinski , J T , Sugden , P , Twarloh , B & Sigl , M 2024 , ' Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period ' , Communications Earth & Environment , vol. 5 , 194 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action name=SDG 13 - Climate Action article 2024 ftqueensubelpubl https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 2024-06-04T15:02:02Z Existing global volcanic radiative aerosol forcing estimates portray the period 700 to 1000 as volcanically quiescent, void of major volcanic eruptions. However, this disagrees with proximal Icelandic geological records and regional Greenland ice-core records of sulfate. Here, we use cryptotephra analyses, high-resolution sulfur isotope analyses, and glaciochemical volcanic tracers on an array of Greenland ice cores to characterise volcanic activity and climatically important sulfuric aerosols across the period 700 to 1000. We identify a prolonged episode of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions (751–940) dominated by Icelandic volcanism, that we term the Icelandic Active Period. This period commences with the Hrafnkatla episode (751–763), which coincided with strong winter cooling anomalies across Europe. This study reveals an important contribution of prolonged volcanic sulfate emissions to the pre-industrial atmospheric aerosol burden, currently not considered in existing forcing estimates, and highlights the need for further research to disentangle their associated climate feedbacks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Greenland ice core Greenland ice cores ice core Iceland Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Greenland Communications Earth & Environment 5 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Queen's University Belfast Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftqueensubelpubl |
language |
English |
topic |
/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action name=SDG 13 - Climate Action |
spellingShingle |
/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action name=SDG 13 - Climate Action Gabriel, Imogen Plunkett, Gill Abbott, Peter M. Behrans, Melanie Burke, Andrea Chellman, Nathan Cook, Eliza Fleitmann, Dominik Hörhold, Maria Hutchison, William McConnell, Joseph R. Óladóttir, Bergrún A. Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes Sliwinski, Jakub T. Sugden, Patrick Twarloh, Birthe Sigl, Michael Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period |
topic_facet |
/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action name=SDG 13 - Climate Action |
description |
Existing global volcanic radiative aerosol forcing estimates portray the period 700 to 1000 as volcanically quiescent, void of major volcanic eruptions. However, this disagrees with proximal Icelandic geological records and regional Greenland ice-core records of sulfate. Here, we use cryptotephra analyses, high-resolution sulfur isotope analyses, and glaciochemical volcanic tracers on an array of Greenland ice cores to characterise volcanic activity and climatically important sulfuric aerosols across the period 700 to 1000. We identify a prolonged episode of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions (751–940) dominated by Icelandic volcanism, that we term the Icelandic Active Period. This period commences with the Hrafnkatla episode (751–763), which coincided with strong winter cooling anomalies across Europe. This study reveals an important contribution of prolonged volcanic sulfate emissions to the pre-industrial atmospheric aerosol burden, currently not considered in existing forcing estimates, and highlights the need for further research to disentangle their associated climate feedbacks. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gabriel, Imogen Plunkett, Gill Abbott, Peter M. Behrans, Melanie Burke, Andrea Chellman, Nathan Cook, Eliza Fleitmann, Dominik Hörhold, Maria Hutchison, William McConnell, Joseph R. Óladóttir, Bergrún A. Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes Sliwinski, Jakub T. Sugden, Patrick Twarloh, Birthe Sigl, Michael |
author_facet |
Gabriel, Imogen Plunkett, Gill Abbott, Peter M. Behrans, Melanie Burke, Andrea Chellman, Nathan Cook, Eliza Fleitmann, Dominik Hörhold, Maria Hutchison, William McConnell, Joseph R. Óladóttir, Bergrún A. Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes Sliwinski, Jakub T. Sugden, Patrick Twarloh, Birthe Sigl, Michael |
author_sort |
Gabriel, Imogen |
title |
Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period |
title_short |
Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period |
title_full |
Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period |
title_fullStr |
Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period |
title_full_unstemmed |
Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period |
title_sort |
decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from iceland challenge the concept of a medieval quiet period |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/9383dc68-63a4-49bd-8b67-3a9ce25e617e https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/580190895/s43247-024-01350-6.pdf |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Greenland ice core Greenland ice cores ice core Iceland |
genre_facet |
Greenland Greenland ice core Greenland ice cores ice core Iceland |
op_source |
Gabriel , I , Plunkett , G , Abbott , P M , Behrans , M , Burke , A , Chellman , N , Cook , E , Fleitmann , D , Hörhold , M , Hutchison , W , McConnell , J R , Óladóttir , B A , Preiser-Kapeller , J , Sliwinski , J T , Sugden , P , Twarloh , B & Sigl , M 2024 , ' Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period ' , Communications Earth & Environment , vol. 5 , 194 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 |
op_relation |
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/9383dc68-63a4-49bd-8b67-3a9ce25e617e |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6 |
container_title |
Communications Earth & Environment |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1802644840380366848 |