Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic
Prorocentrum comprises dinophytes with several unique traits, including the presence of two large thecal plates and apical insertion of flagella. Species delimitation for many small and similar planktonic species is challenging, as SEM analyses and DNA sequence information of type material are rarel...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9967221 2023-05-15T17:31:05+02:00 Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic Tillmann, Urban Gottschling, Marc Wietkamp, Stephan Hoppenrath, Mona 2023-01-20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967221/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838236 https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020271 en eng MDPI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967221/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838236 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020271 © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Microorganisms Article Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020271 2023-03-05T02:22:29Z Prorocentrum comprises dinophytes with several unique traits, including the presence of two large thecal plates and apical insertion of flagella. Species delimitation for many small and similar planktonic species is challenging, as SEM analyses and DNA sequence information of type material are rarely available. Based on a strain from the North Atlantic Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. is described here. Cells were small (9.0–12.8 µm long, 8.5–11.9 µm deep), oval to almost round in lateral view and moderately compressed. The ovoid nucleus was in median or slightly sub-median position on the cells ventral side. The plate surface appeared spiny in light microscopy with thecal pores visible in empty thecae. Electron microscopy revealed plates densely covered by relatively long spines and two size classes of thecal pores. The periflagellar area consisted of 8 platelets, and there was a prominent wing (ca. 1 µm wide and long) on platelet 1. The new species is distinct in DNA trees and embedded in the Prorocentrum shikokuense species group. It differs from the protologues of other small species of Prorocentrum by the unique combination of cell size and shape, the presence of long spines on the thecal plate surface and scattered thecal pores. The thorough morphological description of this species, representing a previously uncharacterised lineage within Prorocentrum, increases and improves our knowledge of the diversity within this important group of planktonic organisms. Text North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Microorganisms 11 2 271 |
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Article Tillmann, Urban Gottschling, Marc Wietkamp, Stephan Hoppenrath, Mona Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic |
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Prorocentrum comprises dinophytes with several unique traits, including the presence of two large thecal plates and apical insertion of flagella. Species delimitation for many small and similar planktonic species is challenging, as SEM analyses and DNA sequence information of type material are rarely available. Based on a strain from the North Atlantic Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. is described here. Cells were small (9.0–12.8 µm long, 8.5–11.9 µm deep), oval to almost round in lateral view and moderately compressed. The ovoid nucleus was in median or slightly sub-median position on the cells ventral side. The plate surface appeared spiny in light microscopy with thecal pores visible in empty thecae. Electron microscopy revealed plates densely covered by relatively long spines and two size classes of thecal pores. The periflagellar area consisted of 8 platelets, and there was a prominent wing (ca. 1 µm wide and long) on platelet 1. The new species is distinct in DNA trees and embedded in the Prorocentrum shikokuense species group. It differs from the protologues of other small species of Prorocentrum by the unique combination of cell size and shape, the presence of long spines on the thecal plate surface and scattered thecal pores. The thorough morphological description of this species, representing a previously uncharacterised lineage within Prorocentrum, increases and improves our knowledge of the diversity within this important group of planktonic organisms. |
format |
Text |
author |
Tillmann, Urban Gottschling, Marc Wietkamp, Stephan Hoppenrath, Mona |
author_facet |
Tillmann, Urban Gottschling, Marc Wietkamp, Stephan Hoppenrath, Mona |
author_sort |
Tillmann, Urban |
title |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic |
title_short |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic |
title_full |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterisation of Prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae), a Small Spiny Species from the North Atlantic |
title_sort |
morphological and phylogenetic characterisation of prorocentrum spinulentum, sp. nov. (prorocentrales, dinophyceae), a small spiny species from the north atlantic |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967221/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838236 https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020271 |
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North Atlantic |
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North Atlantic |
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Microorganisms |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967221/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36838236 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020271 |
op_rights |
© 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020271 |
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Microorganisms |
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11 |
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271 |
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