The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studie...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9948961 2023-05-15T18:51:09+02:00 The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob 2023-02-15 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 en eng Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 bioRxiv Article Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 2023-02-26T02:03:04Z Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied taxa and emerging model organisms is important to understand the full breadth of the evolution of PGC development. In the phylum Tardigrada, no early cell lineages have been identified to date using molecular markers. This includes the PGC lineage. Here, we describe PGC development in the model tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris . The four earliest-internalizing cells (EICs) exhibit PGC-like behavior and nuclear morphology. The location of the EICs is enriched for mRNAs of conserved PGC markers wiwi1 (water bear piwi 1) and vasa . At early stages, both wiwi1 and vasa mRNAs are detectable uniformly in embryos, which suggests that these mRNAs do not serve as localized determinants for PGC specification. Only later are wiwi1 and vasa enriched in the EICs. Finally, we traced the cells that give rise to the four PGCs. Our results reveal the embryonic origin of the PGCs of H. exemplaris and provide the first molecular characterization of an early cell lineage in the tardigrade phylum. We anticipate that these observations will serve as a basis for characterizing the mechanisms of PGC development in this animal. Text Tardigrade water bear PubMed Central (PMC) Vasa ENVELOPE(25.177,25.177,67.587,67.587) |
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Article Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
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Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied taxa and emerging model organisms is important to understand the full breadth of the evolution of PGC development. In the phylum Tardigrada, no early cell lineages have been identified to date using molecular markers. This includes the PGC lineage. Here, we describe PGC development in the model tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris . The four earliest-internalizing cells (EICs) exhibit PGC-like behavior and nuclear morphology. The location of the EICs is enriched for mRNAs of conserved PGC markers wiwi1 (water bear piwi 1) and vasa . At early stages, both wiwi1 and vasa mRNAs are detectable uniformly in embryos, which suggests that these mRNAs do not serve as localized determinants for PGC specification. Only later are wiwi1 and vasa enriched in the EICs. Finally, we traced the cells that give rise to the four PGCs. Our results reveal the embryonic origin of the PGCs of H. exemplaris and provide the first molecular characterization of an early cell lineage in the tardigrade phylum. We anticipate that these observations will serve as a basis for characterizing the mechanisms of PGC development in this animal. |
format |
Text |
author |
Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob |
author_facet |
Heikes, Kira L. Game, Mandy Smith, Frank W. Goldstein, Bob |
author_sort |
Heikes, Kira L. |
title |
The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_short |
The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_full |
The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_fullStr |
The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris |
title_sort |
embryonic origin of primordial germ cells in the tardigrade hypsibius exemplaris |
publisher |
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(25.177,25.177,67.587,67.587) |
geographic |
Vasa |
geographic_facet |
Vasa |
genre |
Tardigrade water bear |
genre_facet |
Tardigrade water bear |
op_source |
bioRxiv |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9948961/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.02.522500 |
_version_ |
1766244944712826880 |