Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland
BACKGROUND: Mental health challenges are on the rise worldwide. In Iceland, little is known about the sociodemographic factors associated with poor mental health. This study aimed to investigate symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and psychiatric medication for mental disorders in a nationally...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9835021 2023-05-15T16:47:29+02:00 Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland Sigurðardóttir, Svala Aspelund, Thor Guðmundsdóttir, Dóra G. Fjorback, Lone Hrafnkelsson, Hannes Hansdóttir, Ingunn Juul, Lise 2023-01-12 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9835021/ https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04504-y en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9835021/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04504-y © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. CC0 PDM CC-BY BMC Psychiatry Research Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04504-y 2023-01-15T02:07:44Z BACKGROUND: Mental health challenges are on the rise worldwide. In Iceland, little is known about the sociodemographic factors associated with poor mental health. This study aimed to investigate symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and psychiatric medication for mental disorders in a nationally representative sample in Iceland and to explore its associations with sociodemographic factors. METHODS: This Icelandic cross-sectional study ‘Health and Wellbeing of Icelanders’ was conducted in 2017 and included 9,887 randomly chosen adults. Participants’ depression, anxiety, and stress levels were measured with the Depression Anxiety and Stress scale-21(DASS-21) and the association with sociodemographic factors and prescribed psychiatric medication was assessed in a multinominal logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The youngest age group (18 to 29 years old) had the poorest mental health. Males had a higher risk of medium and high depression scores than females, RRR 1.23 (95% CI 1.06–1.44) and RRR 1.71 (95% CI 1.25–2.33) when adjusted for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education, marital status, financial status, living area, employment) and use of psychiatric medication. Participants with the most considerable financial difficulties had the highest risk of high scores on depression RRR 11.19 (95% CI 5.8—21.57), anxiety RRR 12.35 (95% CI 5.62—27.14) and stress RRR 11.55 (95% CI 4.75—28.04) when compared to those that do not. CONCLUSIONS: The youngest participants and those with the most extensive financial difficulties had the highest depression, anxiety, and stress scores. Males scored higher than females on depression. There was a trend towards worse mental health with lower sociodemographic status. Higher education, living with someone, and financial security were associated with better mental health. These results implicate the importance of government actions to counteract social inequalities in the Icelandic nation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available ... Text Iceland PubMed Central (PMC) BMC Psychiatry 23 1 |
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Research Sigurðardóttir, Svala Aspelund, Thor Guðmundsdóttir, Dóra G. Fjorback, Lone Hrafnkelsson, Hannes Hansdóttir, Ingunn Juul, Lise Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland |
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Research |
description |
BACKGROUND: Mental health challenges are on the rise worldwide. In Iceland, little is known about the sociodemographic factors associated with poor mental health. This study aimed to investigate symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and psychiatric medication for mental disorders in a nationally representative sample in Iceland and to explore its associations with sociodemographic factors. METHODS: This Icelandic cross-sectional study ‘Health and Wellbeing of Icelanders’ was conducted in 2017 and included 9,887 randomly chosen adults. Participants’ depression, anxiety, and stress levels were measured with the Depression Anxiety and Stress scale-21(DASS-21) and the association with sociodemographic factors and prescribed psychiatric medication was assessed in a multinominal logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The youngest age group (18 to 29 years old) had the poorest mental health. Males had a higher risk of medium and high depression scores than females, RRR 1.23 (95% CI 1.06–1.44) and RRR 1.71 (95% CI 1.25–2.33) when adjusted for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education, marital status, financial status, living area, employment) and use of psychiatric medication. Participants with the most considerable financial difficulties had the highest risk of high scores on depression RRR 11.19 (95% CI 5.8—21.57), anxiety RRR 12.35 (95% CI 5.62—27.14) and stress RRR 11.55 (95% CI 4.75—28.04) when compared to those that do not. CONCLUSIONS: The youngest participants and those with the most extensive financial difficulties had the highest depression, anxiety, and stress scores. Males scored higher than females on depression. There was a trend towards worse mental health with lower sociodemographic status. Higher education, living with someone, and financial security were associated with better mental health. These results implicate the importance of government actions to counteract social inequalities in the Icelandic nation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Sigurðardóttir, Svala Aspelund, Thor Guðmundsdóttir, Dóra G. Fjorback, Lone Hrafnkelsson, Hannes Hansdóttir, Ingunn Juul, Lise |
author_facet |
Sigurðardóttir, Svala Aspelund, Thor Guðmundsdóttir, Dóra G. Fjorback, Lone Hrafnkelsson, Hannes Hansdóttir, Ingunn Juul, Lise |
author_sort |
Sigurðardóttir, Svala |
title |
Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland |
title_short |
Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland |
title_full |
Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland |
title_sort |
mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in iceland |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9835021/ https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04504-y |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
BMC Psychiatry |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9835021/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04504-y |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC0 PDM CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04504-y |
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BMC Psychiatry |
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23 |
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