Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species
In colonial breeding species, the number of adverse social interactions during early life typically varies with breeding density. Phenotypic plasticity can help deal with this social context, by allowing offspring to adjust their behaviour. Furthermore, offspring may not be unprepared since mothers...
Published in: | Royal Society Open Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The Royal Society
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579759/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36300141 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9579759 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9579759 2023-05-15T17:07:54+02:00 Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species Salas, Reyes Lens, Luc Stienen, Eric Verbruggen, Frederick Müller, Wendt 2022-10-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579759/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36300141 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579759/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36300141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 © 2022 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY R Soc Open Sci Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 2022-10-30T00:33:58Z In colonial breeding species, the number of adverse social interactions during early life typically varies with breeding density. Phenotypic plasticity can help deal with this social context, by allowing offspring to adjust their behaviour. Furthermore, offspring may not be unprepared since mothers can allocate resources to their embryos that may pre-adjust them to the post-hatching conditions. Thus, we hypothesize that lesser black-backed gull chicks raised in dense breeding areas, with greater exposure to intra-specific aggression, show higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of exploration compared to chicks in low-density areas, and that this is facilitated by prenatal effects. To test this, we cross-fostered clutches within and across pre-defined high- and low-breeding density areas. We measured chicks' anxiety and exploration activity in an open-field test that included a novel and a familiar object. We found that both pre- and post-natal social environment contributed nearly equally and shaped the offspring's exploratory behaviour, but not its anxiety, in an additive way. Post-natal effects could reflect a learned avoidance of intra-specific aggression, yet identifying the pathways of the prenatal effects will require further study. Text Lesser black-backed gull PubMed Central (PMC) Royal Society Open Science 9 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Organismal and Evolutionary Biology |
spellingShingle |
Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Salas, Reyes Lens, Luc Stienen, Eric Verbruggen, Frederick Müller, Wendt Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
topic_facet |
Organismal and Evolutionary Biology |
description |
In colonial breeding species, the number of adverse social interactions during early life typically varies with breeding density. Phenotypic plasticity can help deal with this social context, by allowing offspring to adjust their behaviour. Furthermore, offspring may not be unprepared since mothers can allocate resources to their embryos that may pre-adjust them to the post-hatching conditions. Thus, we hypothesize that lesser black-backed gull chicks raised in dense breeding areas, with greater exposure to intra-specific aggression, show higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of exploration compared to chicks in low-density areas, and that this is facilitated by prenatal effects. To test this, we cross-fostered clutches within and across pre-defined high- and low-breeding density areas. We measured chicks' anxiety and exploration activity in an open-field test that included a novel and a familiar object. We found that both pre- and post-natal social environment contributed nearly equally and shaped the offspring's exploratory behaviour, but not its anxiety, in an additive way. Post-natal effects could reflect a learned avoidance of intra-specific aggression, yet identifying the pathways of the prenatal effects will require further study. |
format |
Text |
author |
Salas, Reyes Lens, Luc Stienen, Eric Verbruggen, Frederick Müller, Wendt |
author_facet |
Salas, Reyes Lens, Luc Stienen, Eric Verbruggen, Frederick Müller, Wendt |
author_sort |
Salas, Reyes |
title |
Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
title_short |
Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
title_full |
Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
title_fullStr |
Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
title_sort |
growing up in a crowd: social environment shapes the offspring's early exploratory phenotype in a colonial breeding species |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579759/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36300141 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 |
genre |
Lesser black-backed gull |
genre_facet |
Lesser black-backed gull |
op_source |
R Soc Open Sci |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579759/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36300141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 |
op_rights |
© 2022 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220839 |
container_title |
Royal Society Open Science |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
10 |
_version_ |
1766063426352709632 |