Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature
The polar amplification (PA) has become the focus of climate change. However, there are seldom comparisons of amplification among Earth’s three poles of Arctic (latitude higher than 60 °N), Antarctica (Antarctic Ice Sheet) and the Third Pole (the High Mountain Asia with the elevation higher than 400...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9529914 2023-05-15T13:54:44+02:00 Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature Xie, Aihong Zhu, Jiangping Kang, Shichang Qin, Xiang Xu, Bing Wang, Yicheng 2022-10-03 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9529914/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36192431 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21060-3 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9529914/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36192431 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21060-3 © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Sci Rep Article Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21060-3 2022-10-09T00:44:29Z The polar amplification (PA) has become the focus of climate change. However, there are seldom comparisons of amplification among Earth’s three poles of Arctic (latitude higher than 60 °N), Antarctica (Antarctic Ice Sheet) and the Third Pole (the High Mountain Asia with the elevation higher than 4000 m) under different socioeconomic scenarios. Based on CMIP6 multi-model ensemble, two types of PA index (PAI) have been defined to quantify the PA intensity and variations, and PAI1/PAI2 is defined as the ratio of the absolute value of surface air temperature linear trend over Earth’s three poles and that for global mean/over other regions except Earth’s three poles. Arctic warms fastest in winter and weakest in summer, followed by the Third Pole, and Antarctica warms least. The similar phenomenon proceeds when global warming of 1.5–2.0 °C, and 2.0–3.0 °C above pre-industrial levels. After removing the Earth’s three poles self-influence, all the PAI2s increase much more obviously relative to the PAI1s, especially the Antarctic PAI. Earth’s three poles warm faster than the other regions. With the forcing increasing, PA accelerates much more over Antarctica and the Third Pole, but becomes weaker over Arctic. This demonstrates that future warming rate might make a large difference among Earth’s three poles under different scenarios. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change Global warming Ice Sheet PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic Scientific Reports 12 1 |
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Article Xie, Aihong Zhu, Jiangping Kang, Shichang Qin, Xiang Xu, Bing Wang, Yicheng Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature |
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description |
The polar amplification (PA) has become the focus of climate change. However, there are seldom comparisons of amplification among Earth’s three poles of Arctic (latitude higher than 60 °N), Antarctica (Antarctic Ice Sheet) and the Third Pole (the High Mountain Asia with the elevation higher than 4000 m) under different socioeconomic scenarios. Based on CMIP6 multi-model ensemble, two types of PA index (PAI) have been defined to quantify the PA intensity and variations, and PAI1/PAI2 is defined as the ratio of the absolute value of surface air temperature linear trend over Earth’s three poles and that for global mean/over other regions except Earth’s three poles. Arctic warms fastest in winter and weakest in summer, followed by the Third Pole, and Antarctica warms least. The similar phenomenon proceeds when global warming of 1.5–2.0 °C, and 2.0–3.0 °C above pre-industrial levels. After removing the Earth’s three poles self-influence, all the PAI2s increase much more obviously relative to the PAI1s, especially the Antarctic PAI. Earth’s three poles warm faster than the other regions. With the forcing increasing, PA accelerates much more over Antarctica and the Third Pole, but becomes weaker over Arctic. This demonstrates that future warming rate might make a large difference among Earth’s three poles under different scenarios. |
format |
Text |
author |
Xie, Aihong Zhu, Jiangping Kang, Shichang Qin, Xiang Xu, Bing Wang, Yicheng |
author_facet |
Xie, Aihong Zhu, Jiangping Kang, Shichang Qin, Xiang Xu, Bing Wang, Yicheng |
author_sort |
Xie, Aihong |
title |
Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature |
title_short |
Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature |
title_full |
Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature |
title_fullStr |
Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polar amplification comparison among Earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from CMIP6 surface air temperature |
title_sort |
polar amplification comparison among earth’s three poles under different socioeconomic scenarios from cmip6 surface air temperature |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9529914/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36192431 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21060-3 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change Global warming Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change Global warming Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Sci Rep |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9529914/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36192431 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21060-3 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21060-3 |
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