Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses
The brick kiln industrial sector in South Asia accounts for large amounts of short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) emissions, namely black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), and sulfur dioxide (SO(2); the precursor to atmospheric sulfate [SO(4)]). These SLCFs are air pollutants and have important impacts...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9447410 2023-05-15T14:37:38+02:00 Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses Seay, Brannon Adetona, Anna Sadoff, Natasha Sarofim, Marcus C Kolian, Michael 2021-06-25 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447410/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36072508 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac0a66 en eng http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447410/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36072508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac0a66 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Environ Res Commun Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac0a66 2022-09-11T00:53:01Z The brick kiln industrial sector in South Asia accounts for large amounts of short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) emissions, namely black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), and sulfur dioxide (SO(2); the precursor to atmospheric sulfate [SO(4)]). These SLCFs are air pollutants and have important impacts on both human health and the Arctic, a region currently experiencing more than double the rate of warming relative to the global average. Using previously derived Arctic equilibrium temperature response factors, we estimate the contribution to Arctic temperature impacts from previously reported emissions of BC, OC, and SO(2) from four prevalent South Asian brick kiln types (Bull’s Trench [BTK], Down Draught [DDK], Vertical Shaft [VSBK], and Zig-zag). Net annual BC (115 gigagrams [Gg]), OC (17 Gg), and SO(2) (350 Gg) baseline emissions from all four South Asian kiln types resulted in 3.36 milliKelvin (mK) of Arctic surface warming. Given these baseline emissions and Arctic temperature responses, we estimate the current and maximum potential emission and temperature mitigation considering two kiln type conversions. Assuming no change in brick production, baseline emissions have been reduced by 17% when considering current BTK to Zig-zag conversions and have the potential to decrease by 82% given a 100% future conversion rate. This results in a 25% and 119% reduction in Arctic warming, respectively. Replacing DDKs with VSBKs increases baseline SLCF emissions by 28% based on current conversions and has the potential to increase by 131%. This conversion still reduces baseline warming by 31% and 149%, respectively. These results show that brick kiln conversions can have different impacts on local air quality and Arctic climate. When considering brick kiln emissions mitigation options, regional and/or local policy action should consider several factors, including local air quality, worker health and safety, cost, quality of bricks, as well as global climate impacts. Text Arctic black carbon Human health PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Environmental Research Communications 3 6 061004 |
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Article Seay, Brannon Adetona, Anna Sadoff, Natasha Sarofim, Marcus C Kolian, Michael Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses |
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The brick kiln industrial sector in South Asia accounts for large amounts of short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) emissions, namely black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), and sulfur dioxide (SO(2); the precursor to atmospheric sulfate [SO(4)]). These SLCFs are air pollutants and have important impacts on both human health and the Arctic, a region currently experiencing more than double the rate of warming relative to the global average. Using previously derived Arctic equilibrium temperature response factors, we estimate the contribution to Arctic temperature impacts from previously reported emissions of BC, OC, and SO(2) from four prevalent South Asian brick kiln types (Bull’s Trench [BTK], Down Draught [DDK], Vertical Shaft [VSBK], and Zig-zag). Net annual BC (115 gigagrams [Gg]), OC (17 Gg), and SO(2) (350 Gg) baseline emissions from all four South Asian kiln types resulted in 3.36 milliKelvin (mK) of Arctic surface warming. Given these baseline emissions and Arctic temperature responses, we estimate the current and maximum potential emission and temperature mitigation considering two kiln type conversions. Assuming no change in brick production, baseline emissions have been reduced by 17% when considering current BTK to Zig-zag conversions and have the potential to decrease by 82% given a 100% future conversion rate. This results in a 25% and 119% reduction in Arctic warming, respectively. Replacing DDKs with VSBKs increases baseline SLCF emissions by 28% based on current conversions and has the potential to increase by 131%. This conversion still reduces baseline warming by 31% and 149%, respectively. These results show that brick kiln conversions can have different impacts on local air quality and Arctic climate. When considering brick kiln emissions mitigation options, regional and/or local policy action should consider several factors, including local air quality, worker health and safety, cost, quality of bricks, as well as global climate impacts. |
format |
Text |
author |
Seay, Brannon Adetona, Anna Sadoff, Natasha Sarofim, Marcus C Kolian, Michael |
author_facet |
Seay, Brannon Adetona, Anna Sadoff, Natasha Sarofim, Marcus C Kolian, Michael |
author_sort |
Seay, Brannon |
title |
Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses |
title_short |
Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses |
title_full |
Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses |
title_fullStr |
Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of South Asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term Arctic temperature responses |
title_sort |
impact of south asian brick kiln emission mitigation strategies on select pollutants and near-term arctic temperature responses |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447410/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36072508 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac0a66 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic black carbon Human health |
genre_facet |
Arctic black carbon Human health |
op_source |
Environ Res Commun |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9447410/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36072508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac0a66 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac0a66 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Communications |
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3 |
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6 |
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061004 |
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