Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between cardiovascular risk factors and the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), and outer retina layers (ORL). METHODS: In this population-based study, we included participants...
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396695/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35960516 https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9396695 2023-05-15T18:34:29+02:00 Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study von Hanno, Therese Hareide, Live Lund Småbrekke, Lars Morseth, Bente Sneve, Monica Erke, Maja Gran Mathiesen, Ellisiv Bøgeberg Bertelsen, Geir 2022-08-12 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396695/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35960516 https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 en eng The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396695/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35960516 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 Copyright 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. CC-BY-NC-ND Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Clinical and Epidemiologic Research Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 2022-08-28T01:05:07Z PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between cardiovascular risk factors and the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), and outer retina layers (ORL). METHODS: In this population-based study, we included participants from the Tromsø Study: Tromsø6 (2007 to 2008) and Tromsø7 (2015 to 2016). Persons with diabetes and/or diagnosed glaucoma were excluded from this study. Retinal thickness was measured on optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT) macula-scans, segmented on RNFL, GCIPL, and ORL and associations were analyzed cross-sectionally (N = 8288) and longitudinally (N = 2595). We used directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) for model selection, and linear regression to adjust for confounders and mediators in models assessing direct effects. Factors examined were age, sex, blood pressure, daily smoking, serum lipids, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), total body fat percentage (BFP), and the adjustment variables refraction and height. RESULTS: The explained variance of cardiovascular risk factors was highest in GCIPL (0.126). GCIPL had a strong negative association with age. Women had thicker GCIPL than men at higher age and thinner ORL at all ages (P < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure was negatively associated with RNFL/GCIPL (P = 0.001/0.004), with indication of a U-shaped relationship with GCIPL in women. The negative association with BMI was strongest in men, with significant effect for RNFL/GCIPL/ORL (P = 0.001/<0.001/0.019) and in women for GCIPL/ORL (P = 0.030/0.037). BFP was negatively associated with GCIPL (P = 0.01). Higher baseline BMI was associated with a reduction in GCIPL over 8 years (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular risk factors explained 12.6% of the variance in GCIPL, with weight and blood pressure the most important modifiable factors. Text Tromsø PubMed Central (PMC) Tromsø Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 63 9 16 |
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Clinical and Epidemiologic Research |
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Clinical and Epidemiologic Research von Hanno, Therese Hareide, Live Lund Småbrekke, Lars Morseth, Bente Sneve, Monica Erke, Maja Gran Mathiesen, Ellisiv Bøgeberg Bertelsen, Geir Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study |
topic_facet |
Clinical and Epidemiologic Research |
description |
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between cardiovascular risk factors and the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), and outer retina layers (ORL). METHODS: In this population-based study, we included participants from the Tromsø Study: Tromsø6 (2007 to 2008) and Tromsø7 (2015 to 2016). Persons with diabetes and/or diagnosed glaucoma were excluded from this study. Retinal thickness was measured on optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT) macula-scans, segmented on RNFL, GCIPL, and ORL and associations were analyzed cross-sectionally (N = 8288) and longitudinally (N = 2595). We used directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) for model selection, and linear regression to adjust for confounders and mediators in models assessing direct effects. Factors examined were age, sex, blood pressure, daily smoking, serum lipids, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), total body fat percentage (BFP), and the adjustment variables refraction and height. RESULTS: The explained variance of cardiovascular risk factors was highest in GCIPL (0.126). GCIPL had a strong negative association with age. Women had thicker GCIPL than men at higher age and thinner ORL at all ages (P < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure was negatively associated with RNFL/GCIPL (P = 0.001/0.004), with indication of a U-shaped relationship with GCIPL in women. The negative association with BMI was strongest in men, with significant effect for RNFL/GCIPL/ORL (P = 0.001/<0.001/0.019) and in women for GCIPL/ORL (P = 0.030/0.037). BFP was negatively associated with GCIPL (P = 0.01). Higher baseline BMI was associated with a reduction in GCIPL over 8 years (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular risk factors explained 12.6% of the variance in GCIPL, with weight and blood pressure the most important modifiable factors. |
format |
Text |
author |
von Hanno, Therese Hareide, Live Lund Småbrekke, Lars Morseth, Bente Sneve, Monica Erke, Maja Gran Mathiesen, Ellisiv Bøgeberg Bertelsen, Geir |
author_facet |
von Hanno, Therese Hareide, Live Lund Småbrekke, Lars Morseth, Bente Sneve, Monica Erke, Maja Gran Mathiesen, Ellisiv Bøgeberg Bertelsen, Geir |
author_sort |
von Hanno, Therese |
title |
Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study |
title_short |
Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study |
title_full |
Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study |
title_fullStr |
Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Macular Layer Thickness and Effect of BMI, Body Fat, and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Tromsø Study |
title_sort |
macular layer thickness and effect of bmi, body fat, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors: the tromsø study |
publisher |
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396695/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35960516 https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 |
geographic |
Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_source |
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396695/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35960516 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.9.16 |
container_title |
Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science |
container_volume |
63 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
16 |
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1766219237324488704 |