Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017)
[Image: see text] Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are synthetic chemicals with a variety of industrial and consumer applications that are now widely distributed in the global environment. Here, we report the measurement of six perfluorocarboxylates (PFCA, C(4)–C(9)) in a firn (granular compressed snow)...
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American Chemical Society
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386903/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35881889 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9386903 2023-05-15T13:30:42+02:00 Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) Garnett, Jack Halsall, Crispin Winton, Holly Joerss, Hanna Mulvaney, Robert Ebinghaus, Ralf Frey, Markus Jones, Anna Leeson, Amber Wynn, Peter 2022-07-26 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386903/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35881889 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 en eng American Chemical Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386903/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35881889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Environ Sci Technol Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 2022-08-21T01:02:53Z [Image: see text] Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are synthetic chemicals with a variety of industrial and consumer applications that are now widely distributed in the global environment. Here, we report the measurement of six perfluorocarboxylates (PFCA, C(4)–C(9)) in a firn (granular compressed snow) core collected from a non-coastal, high-altitude site in Dronning Maud Land in Eastern Antarctica. Snow accumulation of the extracted core dated from 1958 to 2017, a period coinciding with the advent, use, and geographical shift in the global industrial production of poly/perfluoroalkylated substances, including PFAA. We observed increasing PFCA accumulation in snow over this time period, with chemical fluxes peaking in 2009–2013 for perfluorooctanoate (PFOA, C(8)) and nonanoate (PFNA, C(9)) with little evidence of a decline in these chemicals despite supposed recent global curtailments in their production. In contrast, the levels of perfluorobutanoate (PFBA, C(4)) increased markedly since 2000, with the highest fluxes in the uppermost snow layers. These findings are consistent with those previously made in the Arctic and can be attributed to chlorofluorocarbon replacements (e.g., hydrofluoroethers) as an inadvertent consequence of global regulation. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Dronning Maud Land PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Arctic Dronning Maud Land Environmental Science & Technology 56 16 11246 11255 |
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Open Polar |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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ftpubmed |
language |
English |
description |
[Image: see text] Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are synthetic chemicals with a variety of industrial and consumer applications that are now widely distributed in the global environment. Here, we report the measurement of six perfluorocarboxylates (PFCA, C(4)–C(9)) in a firn (granular compressed snow) core collected from a non-coastal, high-altitude site in Dronning Maud Land in Eastern Antarctica. Snow accumulation of the extracted core dated from 1958 to 2017, a period coinciding with the advent, use, and geographical shift in the global industrial production of poly/perfluoroalkylated substances, including PFAA. We observed increasing PFCA accumulation in snow over this time period, with chemical fluxes peaking in 2009–2013 for perfluorooctanoate (PFOA, C(8)) and nonanoate (PFNA, C(9)) with little evidence of a decline in these chemicals despite supposed recent global curtailments in their production. In contrast, the levels of perfluorobutanoate (PFBA, C(4)) increased markedly since 2000, with the highest fluxes in the uppermost snow layers. These findings are consistent with those previously made in the Arctic and can be attributed to chlorofluorocarbon replacements (e.g., hydrofluoroethers) as an inadvertent consequence of global regulation. |
format |
Text |
author |
Garnett, Jack Halsall, Crispin Winton, Holly Joerss, Hanna Mulvaney, Robert Ebinghaus, Ralf Frey, Markus Jones, Anna Leeson, Amber Wynn, Peter |
spellingShingle |
Garnett, Jack Halsall, Crispin Winton, Holly Joerss, Hanna Mulvaney, Robert Ebinghaus, Ralf Frey, Markus Jones, Anna Leeson, Amber Wynn, Peter Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) |
author_facet |
Garnett, Jack Halsall, Crispin Winton, Holly Joerss, Hanna Mulvaney, Robert Ebinghaus, Ralf Frey, Markus Jones, Anna Leeson, Amber Wynn, Peter |
author_sort |
Garnett, Jack |
title |
Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) |
title_short |
Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) |
title_full |
Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) |
title_fullStr |
Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increasing Accumulation of Perfluorocarboxylate Contaminants Revealed in an Antarctic Firn Core (1958–2017) |
title_sort |
increasing accumulation of perfluorocarboxylate contaminants revealed in an antarctic firn core (1958–2017) |
publisher |
American Chemical Society |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386903/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35881889 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Dronning Maud Land |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Dronning Maud Land |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Dronning Maud Land |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Dronning Maud Land |
op_source |
Environ Sci Technol |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386903/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35881889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 |
op_rights |
© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02592 |
container_title |
Environmental Science & Technology |
container_volume |
56 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
11246 |
op_container_end_page |
11255 |
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1766011493740969984 |