Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells
The present study analyzes the impact of the Southern Ocean (SO) sea ice concentration on the north Indian Ocean (NIO) wave fields through swells using 6 years (2016–2021) of WAVEWATCH III (WWIII) simulations. We did two experimental runs of WWIII, one with sea ice concentration and winds as the for...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9300692 2023-05-15T13:38:10+02:00 Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells Sreejith, Meenakshi P. G., Remya Kumar, B. Praveen Raj, Abhijith Nair, T. M. Balakrishnan 2022-07-20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9300692/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35858987 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16634-0 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9300692/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35858987 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16634-0 © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Sci Rep Article Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16634-0 2022-07-31T02:23:03Z The present study analyzes the impact of the Southern Ocean (SO) sea ice concentration on the north Indian Ocean (NIO) wave fields through swells using 6 years (2016–2021) of WAVEWATCH III (WWIII) simulations. We did two experimental runs of WWIII, one with sea ice concentration and winds as the forcing (W3(with_ice)) and the second run with only wind forcing (W3(no_ice)). Analysis shows the impact of the SO sea ice concentration on northward swell peaks in September–November, coinciding with the maximum sea ice extent in the Antarctic region of the Indian Ocean. W3(no_ice) simulations are biased more by ~ 60% and ~ 37% in significant wave height and period, respectively, against W3(with_ice) when compared with NIO mooring data. W3(no_ice) simulates low-frequency swells and travels fast towards NIO, with implications for operational oceanography. We have shown that the forecasts of the timing of high swell events along NIO coasts can be erroneous by ~ 12 h if the SO sea ice concentration is not included in the model. Further, W3(no_ice) could potentially produce false swell alerts along southeastern Australian coasts. In summary, our study highlights the importance of the SO sea ice concentration inclusion in the wave models to accurately simulate NIO waves. Text Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Indian Southern Ocean The Antarctic Scientific Reports 12 1 |
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Article Sreejith, Meenakshi P. G., Remya Kumar, B. Praveen Raj, Abhijith Nair, T. M. Balakrishnan Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells |
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The present study analyzes the impact of the Southern Ocean (SO) sea ice concentration on the north Indian Ocean (NIO) wave fields through swells using 6 years (2016–2021) of WAVEWATCH III (WWIII) simulations. We did two experimental runs of WWIII, one with sea ice concentration and winds as the forcing (W3(with_ice)) and the second run with only wind forcing (W3(no_ice)). Analysis shows the impact of the SO sea ice concentration on northward swell peaks in September–November, coinciding with the maximum sea ice extent in the Antarctic region of the Indian Ocean. W3(no_ice) simulations are biased more by ~ 60% and ~ 37% in significant wave height and period, respectively, against W3(with_ice) when compared with NIO mooring data. W3(no_ice) simulates low-frequency swells and travels fast towards NIO, with implications for operational oceanography. We have shown that the forecasts of the timing of high swell events along NIO coasts can be erroneous by ~ 12 h if the SO sea ice concentration is not included in the model. Further, W3(no_ice) could potentially produce false swell alerts along southeastern Australian coasts. In summary, our study highlights the importance of the SO sea ice concentration inclusion in the wave models to accurately simulate NIO waves. |
format |
Text |
author |
Sreejith, Meenakshi P. G., Remya Kumar, B. Praveen Raj, Abhijith Nair, T. M. Balakrishnan |
author_facet |
Sreejith, Meenakshi P. G., Remya Kumar, B. Praveen Raj, Abhijith Nair, T. M. Balakrishnan |
author_sort |
Sreejith, Meenakshi |
title |
Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells |
title_short |
Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells |
title_full |
Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells |
title_fullStr |
Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the Indian Ocean swells |
title_sort |
exploring the impact of southern ocean sea ice on the indian ocean swells |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9300692/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35858987 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16634-0 |
geographic |
Antarctic Indian Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Indian Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Sci Rep |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9300692/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35858987 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16634-0 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16634-0 |
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