East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades
Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) characteristics, derived from multiple water sources with various properties, are significantly affected by and contribute to climate change. However, the underlying causes of changes in AABW characteristics are not well-understood. In this study, we aimed to analyse th...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9288450 2023-05-15T13:59:47+02:00 East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades Choi, Yeon Nam, SungHyun 2022-07-16 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288450/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35842452 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16331-y en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288450/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35842452 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16331-y © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Sci Rep Article Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16331-y 2022-07-31T01:49:38Z Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) characteristics, derived from multiple water sources with various properties, are significantly affected by and contribute to climate change. However, the underlying causes of changes in AABW characteristics are not well-understood. In this study, we aimed to analyse the east–west contrasting pattern of AABW characteristics in the Southern Indian Ocean (SIO) over the last three decades. We show that AABW has become warmer and more saline in the western SIO (WSIO) but warmer and fresher in the eastern SIO (ESIO) in 2010s than in 1990s. The warming and salinification of WSIO AABW are primarily explained by changes in source water mixing ratios, although the source water properties also significantly contribute to the observed changes. In contrast, the warming and freshening of ESIO AABW cannot be explained without considering changes in the source water properties as the direction of AABW salinity change due to source water mixing ratios is opposite (salinification) to that of observations (freshening). The east–west contrasting pattern of AABW salinity changes and more rapid warming in the ESIO have important consequences for poleward AABW transport and sea-level rise within and beyond the SIO. Text Antarc* Antarctic PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Indian Scientific Reports 12 1 |
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Article Choi, Yeon Nam, SungHyun East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades |
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Article |
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Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) characteristics, derived from multiple water sources with various properties, are significantly affected by and contribute to climate change. However, the underlying causes of changes in AABW characteristics are not well-understood. In this study, we aimed to analyse the east–west contrasting pattern of AABW characteristics in the Southern Indian Ocean (SIO) over the last three decades. We show that AABW has become warmer and more saline in the western SIO (WSIO) but warmer and fresher in the eastern SIO (ESIO) in 2010s than in 1990s. The warming and salinification of WSIO AABW are primarily explained by changes in source water mixing ratios, although the source water properties also significantly contribute to the observed changes. In contrast, the warming and freshening of ESIO AABW cannot be explained without considering changes in the source water properties as the direction of AABW salinity change due to source water mixing ratios is opposite (salinification) to that of observations (freshening). The east–west contrasting pattern of AABW salinity changes and more rapid warming in the ESIO have important consequences for poleward AABW transport and sea-level rise within and beyond the SIO. |
format |
Text |
author |
Choi, Yeon Nam, SungHyun |
author_facet |
Choi, Yeon Nam, SungHyun |
author_sort |
Choi, Yeon |
title |
East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades |
title_short |
East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades |
title_full |
East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades |
title_fullStr |
East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades |
title_full_unstemmed |
East–west contrasting changes in Southern Indian Ocean Antarctic Bottom Water salinity over three decades |
title_sort |
east–west contrasting changes in southern indian ocean antarctic bottom water salinity over three decades |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288450/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35842452 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16331-y |
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Antarctic Indian |
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Antarctic Indian |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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Sci Rep |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288450/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35842452 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16331-y |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16331-y |
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