Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales
It is generally recognized that large-scale whaling in the 19th and 20th century led to a substantial reduction of the size of many cetacean populations, particularly those of the baleen whales (Mysticeti). The impact of these operations on genomic diversity of one of the most hunted whales, the fin...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9113106 2023-05-15T15:36:40+02:00 Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales Wolf, Magnus de Jong, Menno Halldórsson, Sverrir Daníel Árnason, Úlfur Janke, Axel 2022-05-05 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9113106/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35512360 https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac094 en eng Oxford University Press http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9113106/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35512360 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac094 © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Mol Biol Evol Discoveries Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac094 2022-05-22T00:48:54Z It is generally recognized that large-scale whaling in the 19th and 20th century led to a substantial reduction of the size of many cetacean populations, particularly those of the baleen whales (Mysticeti). The impact of these operations on genomic diversity of one of the most hunted whales, the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), has remained largely unaddressed because of the paucity of adequate samples and the limitation of applicable techniques. Here, we have examined the effect of whaling on the North Atlantic fin whale based on genomes of 51 individuals from Icelandic waters, representing three temporally separated intervals, 1989, 2009 and 2018 and provide a reference genome for the species. Demographic models suggest a noticeable drop of the effective population size of the North Atlantic fin whale around a century ago. The present results suggest that the genome-wide heterozygosity is not markedly reduced and has remained comparable with other baleen whale species. Similarly, there are no signs of apparent inbreeding, as measured by the proportion of long runs of homozygosity, or of a distinctively increased mutational load, as measured by the amount of putative deleterious mutations. Compared with other baleen whales, the North Atlantic fin whale appears to be less affected by anthropogenic influences than other whales such as the North Atlantic right whale, consistent with the presence of long runs of homozygosity and higher levels of mutational load in an otherwise more heterozygous genome. Thus, genome-wide assessments of other species and populations are essential for future, more specific, conservation efforts. Text Balaenoptera physalus baleen whale baleen whales Fin whale North Atlantic North Atlantic right whale PubMed Central (PMC) Molecular Biology and Evolution 39 5 |
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Discoveries Wolf, Magnus de Jong, Menno Halldórsson, Sverrir Daníel Árnason, Úlfur Janke, Axel Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales |
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Discoveries |
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It is generally recognized that large-scale whaling in the 19th and 20th century led to a substantial reduction of the size of many cetacean populations, particularly those of the baleen whales (Mysticeti). The impact of these operations on genomic diversity of one of the most hunted whales, the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), has remained largely unaddressed because of the paucity of adequate samples and the limitation of applicable techniques. Here, we have examined the effect of whaling on the North Atlantic fin whale based on genomes of 51 individuals from Icelandic waters, representing three temporally separated intervals, 1989, 2009 and 2018 and provide a reference genome for the species. Demographic models suggest a noticeable drop of the effective population size of the North Atlantic fin whale around a century ago. The present results suggest that the genome-wide heterozygosity is not markedly reduced and has remained comparable with other baleen whale species. Similarly, there are no signs of apparent inbreeding, as measured by the proportion of long runs of homozygosity, or of a distinctively increased mutational load, as measured by the amount of putative deleterious mutations. Compared with other baleen whales, the North Atlantic fin whale appears to be less affected by anthropogenic influences than other whales such as the North Atlantic right whale, consistent with the presence of long runs of homozygosity and higher levels of mutational load in an otherwise more heterozygous genome. Thus, genome-wide assessments of other species and populations are essential for future, more specific, conservation efforts. |
format |
Text |
author |
Wolf, Magnus de Jong, Menno Halldórsson, Sverrir Daníel Árnason, Úlfur Janke, Axel |
author_facet |
Wolf, Magnus de Jong, Menno Halldórsson, Sverrir Daníel Árnason, Úlfur Janke, Axel |
author_sort |
Wolf, Magnus |
title |
Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales |
title_short |
Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales |
title_full |
Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales |
title_fullStr |
Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genomic Impact of Whaling in North Atlantic Fin Whales |
title_sort |
genomic impact of whaling in north atlantic fin whales |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9113106/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35512360 https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac094 |
genre |
Balaenoptera physalus baleen whale baleen whales Fin whale North Atlantic North Atlantic right whale |
genre_facet |
Balaenoptera physalus baleen whale baleen whales Fin whale North Atlantic North Atlantic right whale |
op_source |
Mol Biol Evol |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9113106/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35512360 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac094 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac094 |
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Molecular Biology and Evolution |
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39 |
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5 |
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1766367026701402112 |