Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review
IMPORTANCE: Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer were rare among non-western populations with traditional diets and lifestyles. As populations transitioned toward industrialized diets and lifestyles, NCDs developed. OBJECTIVE: We perfor...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8892920 2023-05-15T16:55:17+02:00 Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review Pressler, Mariel Devinsky, Julie Duster, Miranda Lee, Joyce H. Glick, Courtney S. Wiener, Samson Laze, Juliana Friedman, Daniel Roberts, Timothy Devinsky, Orrin 2022-02-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8892920/ https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.748305 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8892920/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.748305 Copyright © 2022 Pressler, Devinsky, Duster, Lee, Glick, Wiener, Laze, Friedman, Roberts and Devinsky. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Front Nutr Nutrition Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.748305 2022-03-06T02:10:41Z IMPORTANCE: Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer were rare among non-western populations with traditional diets and lifestyles. As populations transitioned toward industrialized diets and lifestyles, NCDs developed. OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic literature review to examine the effects of diet and lifestyle transitions on NCDs. EVIDENCE REVIEW: We identified 22 populations that underwent a nutrition transition, eleven of which had sufficient data. Of these, we chose four populations with diverse geographies, diets and lifestyles who underwent a dietary and lifestyle transition and explored the relationship between dietary changes and health outcomes. We excluded populations with features overlapping with selected populations or with complicating factors such as inadequate data, subgroups, and different study methodologies over different periods. The selected populations were Yemenite Jews, Tokelauans, Tanushimaru Japanese, and Maasai. We also review transition data from seven excluded populations (Pima, Navajo, Aboriginal Australians, South African Natal Indians and Zulu speakers, Inuit, and Hadza) to assess for bias. FINDINGS: The three groups that replaced saturated fats (SFA) from animal (Yemenite Jews, Maasai) or plants (Tokelau) with refined carbohydrates had negative health outcomes (e.g., increased obesity, diabetes, heart disease). Yemenites reduced SFA consumption by >40% post-transition but men's BMI increased 19% and diabetes increased ~40-fold. Tokelauans reduced fat, dramatically reduced SFA, and increased sugar intake: obesity and diabetes rose. The Tanushimaruans transitioned to more fats and less carbohydrates and used more anti-hypertensive medications; stroke and breast cancer declined while heart disease was stable. The Maasai transitioned to lower fat, SFA and higher carbohydrates and had increased BMI and diabetes. Similar patterns were observed in the seven other populations. CONCLUSION: The nutrient category most ... Text inuit PubMed Central (PMC) Frontiers in Nutrition 9 |
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Nutrition |
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Nutrition Pressler, Mariel Devinsky, Julie Duster, Miranda Lee, Joyce H. Glick, Courtney S. Wiener, Samson Laze, Juliana Friedman, Daniel Roberts, Timothy Devinsky, Orrin Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review |
topic_facet |
Nutrition |
description |
IMPORTANCE: Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer were rare among non-western populations with traditional diets and lifestyles. As populations transitioned toward industrialized diets and lifestyles, NCDs developed. OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic literature review to examine the effects of diet and lifestyle transitions on NCDs. EVIDENCE REVIEW: We identified 22 populations that underwent a nutrition transition, eleven of which had sufficient data. Of these, we chose four populations with diverse geographies, diets and lifestyles who underwent a dietary and lifestyle transition and explored the relationship between dietary changes and health outcomes. We excluded populations with features overlapping with selected populations or with complicating factors such as inadequate data, subgroups, and different study methodologies over different periods. The selected populations were Yemenite Jews, Tokelauans, Tanushimaru Japanese, and Maasai. We also review transition data from seven excluded populations (Pima, Navajo, Aboriginal Australians, South African Natal Indians and Zulu speakers, Inuit, and Hadza) to assess for bias. FINDINGS: The three groups that replaced saturated fats (SFA) from animal (Yemenite Jews, Maasai) or plants (Tokelau) with refined carbohydrates had negative health outcomes (e.g., increased obesity, diabetes, heart disease). Yemenites reduced SFA consumption by >40% post-transition but men's BMI increased 19% and diabetes increased ~40-fold. Tokelauans reduced fat, dramatically reduced SFA, and increased sugar intake: obesity and diabetes rose. The Tanushimaruans transitioned to more fats and less carbohydrates and used more anti-hypertensive medications; stroke and breast cancer declined while heart disease was stable. The Maasai transitioned to lower fat, SFA and higher carbohydrates and had increased BMI and diabetes. Similar patterns were observed in the seven other populations. CONCLUSION: The nutrient category most ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Pressler, Mariel Devinsky, Julie Duster, Miranda Lee, Joyce H. Glick, Courtney S. Wiener, Samson Laze, Juliana Friedman, Daniel Roberts, Timothy Devinsky, Orrin |
author_facet |
Pressler, Mariel Devinsky, Julie Duster, Miranda Lee, Joyce H. Glick, Courtney S. Wiener, Samson Laze, Juliana Friedman, Daniel Roberts, Timothy Devinsky, Orrin |
author_sort |
Pressler, Mariel |
title |
Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review |
title_short |
Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review |
title_full |
Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review |
title_fullStr |
Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations – Systematic Review |
title_sort |
dietary transitions and health outcomes in four populations – systematic review |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8892920/ https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.748305 |
genre |
inuit |
genre_facet |
inuit |
op_source |
Front Nutr |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8892920/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.748305 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2022 Pressler, Devinsky, Duster, Lee, Glick, Wiener, Laze, Friedman, Roberts and Devinsky. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.748305 |
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Frontiers in Nutrition |
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9 |
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