Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective
Aquaculture is becoming the primary source of seafood for human diets, and farmed fish aquaculture is one of its fastest growing sectors. The industry currently faces several challenges including infectious and parasitic diseases, reduced viability, fertility reduction, slow growth, escapee fish and...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8821480 2023-05-15T15:32:33+02:00 Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective Okoli, Arinze S. Blix, Torill Myhr, Anne I. Xu, Wenteng Xu, Xiaodong 2021-07-25 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8821480/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34304349 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-021-00274-7 en eng Springer International Publishing http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8821480/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34304349 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11248-021-00274-7 © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Transgenic Res Review Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-021-00274-7 2022-02-27T01:27:31Z Aquaculture is becoming the primary source of seafood for human diets, and farmed fish aquaculture is one of its fastest growing sectors. The industry currently faces several challenges including infectious and parasitic diseases, reduced viability, fertility reduction, slow growth, escapee fish and environmental pollution. The commercialization of the growth-enhanced AquAdvantage salmon and the CRISPR/Cas9-developed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) proffers genetic engineering and genome editing tools, e.g. CRISPR/Cas, as potential solutions to these challenges. Future traits being developed in different fish species include disease resistance, sterility, and enhanced growth. Despite these notable advances, off-target effect and non-clarification of trait-related genes among other technical challenges hinder full realization of CRISPR/Cas potentials in fish breeding. In addition, current regulatory and risk assessment frameworks are not fit-for purpose regarding the challenges of CRISPR/Cas notwithstanding that public and regulatory acceptance are key to commercialization of products of the new technology. In this study, we discuss how CRISPR/Cas can be used to overcome some of these limitations focusing on diseases and environmental release in farmed fish aquaculture. We further present technical limitations, regulatory and risk assessment challenges of the use of CRISPR/Cas, and proffer research strategies that will provide much-needed data for regulatory decisions, risk assessments, increased public awareness and sustainable applications of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture with emphasis on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) breeding. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Transgenic Research 31 1 1 21 |
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Review Okoli, Arinze S. Blix, Torill Myhr, Anne I. Xu, Wenteng Xu, Xiaodong Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
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Review |
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Aquaculture is becoming the primary source of seafood for human diets, and farmed fish aquaculture is one of its fastest growing sectors. The industry currently faces several challenges including infectious and parasitic diseases, reduced viability, fertility reduction, slow growth, escapee fish and environmental pollution. The commercialization of the growth-enhanced AquAdvantage salmon and the CRISPR/Cas9-developed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) proffers genetic engineering and genome editing tools, e.g. CRISPR/Cas, as potential solutions to these challenges. Future traits being developed in different fish species include disease resistance, sterility, and enhanced growth. Despite these notable advances, off-target effect and non-clarification of trait-related genes among other technical challenges hinder full realization of CRISPR/Cas potentials in fish breeding. In addition, current regulatory and risk assessment frameworks are not fit-for purpose regarding the challenges of CRISPR/Cas notwithstanding that public and regulatory acceptance are key to commercialization of products of the new technology. In this study, we discuss how CRISPR/Cas can be used to overcome some of these limitations focusing on diseases and environmental release in farmed fish aquaculture. We further present technical limitations, regulatory and risk assessment challenges of the use of CRISPR/Cas, and proffer research strategies that will provide much-needed data for regulatory decisions, risk assessments, increased public awareness and sustainable applications of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture with emphasis on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) breeding. |
format |
Text |
author |
Okoli, Arinze S. Blix, Torill Myhr, Anne I. Xu, Wenteng Xu, Xiaodong |
author_facet |
Okoli, Arinze S. Blix, Torill Myhr, Anne I. Xu, Wenteng Xu, Xiaodong |
author_sort |
Okoli, Arinze S. |
title |
Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
title_short |
Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
title_full |
Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
title_fullStr |
Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sustainable use of CRISPR/Cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
title_sort |
sustainable use of crispr/cas in fish aquaculture: the biosafety perspective |
publisher |
Springer International Publishing |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8821480/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34304349 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-021-00274-7 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Transgenic Res |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8821480/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34304349 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11248-021-00274-7 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-021-00274-7 |
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Transgenic Research |
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31 |
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21 |
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