Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset
Attributable to the Montreal Protocol, the most successful environmental treaty ever, human-made ozone-depleting substances are declining and the stratospheric Antarctic ozone layer is recovering. However, the Antarctic ozone hole continues to occur every year, with the severity of ozone loss strong...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8786956 2023-05-15T13:54:22+02:00 Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset Cordero, Raúl R. Feron, Sarah Damiani, Alessandro Redondas, Alberto Carrasco, Jorge Sepúlveda, Edgardo Jorquera, Jose Fernandoy, Francisco Llanillo, Pedro Rowe, Penny M. Seckmeyer, Gunther 2022-01-24 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786956/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35075240 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05449-8 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786956/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35075240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05449-8 © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Sci Rep Article Text 2022 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05449-8 2022-01-30T01:39:31Z Attributable to the Montreal Protocol, the most successful environmental treaty ever, human-made ozone-depleting substances are declining and the stratospheric Antarctic ozone layer is recovering. However, the Antarctic ozone hole continues to occur every year, with the severity of ozone loss strongly modulated by meteorological conditions. In late November and early December 2020, we measured at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula the highest ultraviolet (UV) irradiances recorded in the Antarctic continent in more than two decades. On Dec. 2nd, the noon-time UV index on King George Island peaked at 14.3, very close to the largest UV index ever recorded in the continent. On Dec. 3rd, the erythemal daily dose at the same site was among the highest on Earth, only comparable to those recorded at high altitude sites in the Atacama Desert, near the Tropic of Capricorn. Here we show that, despite the Antarctic ozone recovery observed in early spring, the conditions that favor these extreme surface UV events persist in late spring, when the biologically effective UV radiation is more consequential. These conditions include long-lasting ozone holes (attributable to the polar vortex dynamics) that often bring ozone-depleted air over the Antarctic Peninsula in late spring. The fact that these conditions have been occurring at about the same frequency during the last two decades explains the persistence of extreme surface UV events in Antarctica. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica King George Island PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula King George Island The Antarctic Scientific Reports 12 1 |
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Article Cordero, Raúl R. Feron, Sarah Damiani, Alessandro Redondas, Alberto Carrasco, Jorge Sepúlveda, Edgardo Jorquera, Jose Fernandoy, Francisco Llanillo, Pedro Rowe, Penny M. Seckmeyer, Gunther Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
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Attributable to the Montreal Protocol, the most successful environmental treaty ever, human-made ozone-depleting substances are declining and the stratospheric Antarctic ozone layer is recovering. However, the Antarctic ozone hole continues to occur every year, with the severity of ozone loss strongly modulated by meteorological conditions. In late November and early December 2020, we measured at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula the highest ultraviolet (UV) irradiances recorded in the Antarctic continent in more than two decades. On Dec. 2nd, the noon-time UV index on King George Island peaked at 14.3, very close to the largest UV index ever recorded in the continent. On Dec. 3rd, the erythemal daily dose at the same site was among the highest on Earth, only comparable to those recorded at high altitude sites in the Atacama Desert, near the Tropic of Capricorn. Here we show that, despite the Antarctic ozone recovery observed in early spring, the conditions that favor these extreme surface UV events persist in late spring, when the biologically effective UV radiation is more consequential. These conditions include long-lasting ozone holes (attributable to the polar vortex dynamics) that often bring ozone-depleted air over the Antarctic Peninsula in late spring. The fact that these conditions have been occurring at about the same frequency during the last two decades explains the persistence of extreme surface UV events in Antarctica. |
format |
Text |
author |
Cordero, Raúl R. Feron, Sarah Damiani, Alessandro Redondas, Alberto Carrasco, Jorge Sepúlveda, Edgardo Jorquera, Jose Fernandoy, Francisco Llanillo, Pedro Rowe, Penny M. Seckmeyer, Gunther |
author_facet |
Cordero, Raúl R. Feron, Sarah Damiani, Alessandro Redondas, Alberto Carrasco, Jorge Sepúlveda, Edgardo Jorquera, Jose Fernandoy, Francisco Llanillo, Pedro Rowe, Penny M. Seckmeyer, Gunther |
author_sort |
Cordero, Raúl R. |
title |
Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
title_short |
Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
title_full |
Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
title_fullStr |
Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
title_full_unstemmed |
Persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in Antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
title_sort |
persistent extreme ultraviolet irradiance in antarctica despite the ozone recovery onset |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786956/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35075240 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05449-8 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula King George Island The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula King George Island The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica King George Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica King George Island |
op_source |
Sci Rep |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786956/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35075240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05449-8 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05449-8 |
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Scientific Reports |
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12 |
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1 |
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