Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage
The Andvord fjord in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is known for its productivity and abundant megafauna. Nevertheless, seasonal patterns of the molecular diversity and abundance of protistan community members underpinning WAP productivity remain poorly resolved. We performed spring and fall exp...
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2021
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8669470 2023-05-15T13:45:48+02:00 Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage Hamilton, Maria Mascioni, Martina Hehenberger, Elisabeth Bachy, Charles Yung, Charmaine Vernet, Maria Worden, Alexandra Z. 2021-12-14 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669470/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903046 https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02973-21 en eng American Society for Microbiology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669470/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02973-21 Copyright © 2021 Hamilton et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY mBio Research Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02973-21 2021-12-19T01:50:03Z The Andvord fjord in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is known for its productivity and abundant megafauna. Nevertheless, seasonal patterns of the molecular diversity and abundance of protistan community members underpinning WAP productivity remain poorly resolved. We performed spring and fall expeditions pursuing protistan diversity, abundance of photosynthetic taxa, and the connection to changing conditions. 18S rRNA amplicon sequence variant (ASV) profiles revealed diverse predatory protists spanning multiple eukaryotic supergroups, alongside enigmatic heterotrophs like the Picozoa. Among photosynthetic protists, cryptophyte contributions were notable. Analysis of plastid-derived 16S rRNA ASVs supported 18S ASV results, including a dichotomy between cryptophytes and diatom contributions previously reported in other Antarctic regions. We demonstrate that stramenopile and cryptophyte community structures have distinct attributes. Photosynthetic stramenopiles exhibit high diversity, with the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus, unidentified Chaetoceros species, and others being prominent. Conversely, ASV analyses followed by environmental full-length rRNA gene sequencing, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry revealed that a novel alga dominates the cryptophytes. Phylogenetic analyses established that TPG clade VII, as named here, is evolutionarily distinct from cultivated cryptophyte lineages. Additionally, cryptophyte cell abundance correlated with increased water temperature. Analyses of global data sets showed that clade VII dominates cryptophyte ASVs at Southern Ocean sites and appears to be endemic, whereas in the Arctic and elsewhere, Teleaulax amphioxeia and Plagioselmis prolonga dominate, although both were undetected in Antarctic waters. Collectively, our studies provide baseline data against which future change can be assessed, identify different diversification patterns between stramenopiles and cryptophytes, and highlight an evolutionarily distinct cryptophyte clade that thrives under ... Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Arctic Phytoplankton Southern Ocean PubMed Central (PMC) Andvord ENVELOPE(-62.616,-62.616,-64.833,-64.833) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Arctic Southern Ocean mBio 12 6 |
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Research Article |
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Research Article Hamilton, Maria Mascioni, Martina Hehenberger, Elisabeth Bachy, Charles Yung, Charmaine Vernet, Maria Worden, Alexandra Z. Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage |
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Research Article |
description |
The Andvord fjord in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is known for its productivity and abundant megafauna. Nevertheless, seasonal patterns of the molecular diversity and abundance of protistan community members underpinning WAP productivity remain poorly resolved. We performed spring and fall expeditions pursuing protistan diversity, abundance of photosynthetic taxa, and the connection to changing conditions. 18S rRNA amplicon sequence variant (ASV) profiles revealed diverse predatory protists spanning multiple eukaryotic supergroups, alongside enigmatic heterotrophs like the Picozoa. Among photosynthetic protists, cryptophyte contributions were notable. Analysis of plastid-derived 16S rRNA ASVs supported 18S ASV results, including a dichotomy between cryptophytes and diatom contributions previously reported in other Antarctic regions. We demonstrate that stramenopile and cryptophyte community structures have distinct attributes. Photosynthetic stramenopiles exhibit high diversity, with the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus, unidentified Chaetoceros species, and others being prominent. Conversely, ASV analyses followed by environmental full-length rRNA gene sequencing, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry revealed that a novel alga dominates the cryptophytes. Phylogenetic analyses established that TPG clade VII, as named here, is evolutionarily distinct from cultivated cryptophyte lineages. Additionally, cryptophyte cell abundance correlated with increased water temperature. Analyses of global data sets showed that clade VII dominates cryptophyte ASVs at Southern Ocean sites and appears to be endemic, whereas in the Arctic and elsewhere, Teleaulax amphioxeia and Plagioselmis prolonga dominate, although both were undetected in Antarctic waters. Collectively, our studies provide baseline data against which future change can be assessed, identify different diversification patterns between stramenopiles and cryptophytes, and highlight an evolutionarily distinct cryptophyte clade that thrives under ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Hamilton, Maria Mascioni, Martina Hehenberger, Elisabeth Bachy, Charles Yung, Charmaine Vernet, Maria Worden, Alexandra Z. |
author_facet |
Hamilton, Maria Mascioni, Martina Hehenberger, Elisabeth Bachy, Charles Yung, Charmaine Vernet, Maria Worden, Alexandra Z. |
author_sort |
Hamilton, Maria |
title |
Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage |
title_short |
Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage |
title_full |
Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage |
title_fullStr |
Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatiotemporal Variations in Antarctic Protistan Communities Highlight Phytoplankton Diversity and Seasonal Dominance by a Novel Cryptophyte Lineage |
title_sort |
spatiotemporal variations in antarctic protistan communities highlight phytoplankton diversity and seasonal dominance by a novel cryptophyte lineage |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669470/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903046 https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02973-21 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-62.616,-62.616,-64.833,-64.833) |
geographic |
Andvord Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Arctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Andvord Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Arctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Arctic Phytoplankton Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Arctic Phytoplankton Southern Ocean |
op_source |
mBio |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8669470/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34903046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02973-21 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2021 Hamilton et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02973-21 |
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mBio |
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12 |
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6 |
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