High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue
The zebrafish is extensively used as an animal model for human and fish diseases. However, our understanding of the structural organization of its immune system remains incomplete, especially the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs). Teleost MALTs are commonly perceived as diffuse and scattere...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8647647 2023-05-15T15:33:04+02:00 High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue Dalum, Alf S. Kraus, Aurora Khan, Shanawaz Davydova, Erna Rigaudeau, Dimitri Bjørgen, Håvard López-Porras, Adrián Griffiths, Gareth Wiegertjes, Geert F. Koppang, Erling O. Salinas, Irene Boudinot, Pierre Rességuier, Julien 2021-11-16 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8647647/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34880866 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8647647/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34880866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901 Copyright © 2021 Dalum, Kraus, Khan, Davydova, Rigaudeau, Bjørgen, López-Porras, Griffiths, Wiegertjes, Koppang, Salinas, Boudinot and Rességuier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Front Immunol Immunology Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901 2021-12-12T01:43:28Z The zebrafish is extensively used as an animal model for human and fish diseases. However, our understanding of the structural organization of its immune system remains incomplete, especially the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs). Teleost MALTs are commonly perceived as diffuse and scattered populations of immune cells throughout the mucosa. Yet, structured MALTs have been recently discovered in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), including the interbranchial lymphoid tissue (ILT) in the gills. The existence of the ILT was only recently identified in zebrafish and other fish species, highlighting the need for in-depth characterizations of the gill-associated lymphoid tissue (GIALT) in teleosts. Here, using 3-D high-resolution microscopy, we analyze the GIALT of adult zebrafish with an immuno-histology approach that reveals the organization of lymphoid tissues via the labeling of T/NK cells with an antibody directed to a highly conserved epitope on the kinase ZAP70. We show that the GIALT in zebrafish is distributed over at least five distinct sub-regions, an organization found in all pairs of gill arches. The GIALT is diffuse in the pharyngeal part of the gill arch, the interbranchial septum and the filaments/lamellae, and structured in two sub-regions: the ILT, and a newly discovered lymphoid structure located along each side of the gill arch, which we named the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue (ALT). Based on RAG2 expression, neither the ILT nor the ALT constitute additional thymi. The ALT shares several features with the ILT such as presence of abundant lymphoid cells and myeloid cells embedded in a network of reticulated epithelial cells. Further, the ILT and the ALT are also a site for T/NK cell proliferation. Both ILT and ALT show structural changes after infection with Spring Viraemia of Carp Virus (SVCV). Together, these data suggest that ALT and ILT play an active role in immune responses. Comparative studies show that whereas the ILT seems absent in most neoteleosts (“Percomorphs”), the ALT is ... Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Frontiers in Immunology 12 |
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Immunology |
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Immunology Dalum, Alf S. Kraus, Aurora Khan, Shanawaz Davydova, Erna Rigaudeau, Dimitri Bjørgen, Håvard López-Porras, Adrián Griffiths, Gareth Wiegertjes, Geert F. Koppang, Erling O. Salinas, Irene Boudinot, Pierre Rességuier, Julien High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue |
topic_facet |
Immunology |
description |
The zebrafish is extensively used as an animal model for human and fish diseases. However, our understanding of the structural organization of its immune system remains incomplete, especially the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs). Teleost MALTs are commonly perceived as diffuse and scattered populations of immune cells throughout the mucosa. Yet, structured MALTs have been recently discovered in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), including the interbranchial lymphoid tissue (ILT) in the gills. The existence of the ILT was only recently identified in zebrafish and other fish species, highlighting the need for in-depth characterizations of the gill-associated lymphoid tissue (GIALT) in teleosts. Here, using 3-D high-resolution microscopy, we analyze the GIALT of adult zebrafish with an immuno-histology approach that reveals the organization of lymphoid tissues via the labeling of T/NK cells with an antibody directed to a highly conserved epitope on the kinase ZAP70. We show that the GIALT in zebrafish is distributed over at least five distinct sub-regions, an organization found in all pairs of gill arches. The GIALT is diffuse in the pharyngeal part of the gill arch, the interbranchial septum and the filaments/lamellae, and structured in two sub-regions: the ILT, and a newly discovered lymphoid structure located along each side of the gill arch, which we named the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue (ALT). Based on RAG2 expression, neither the ILT nor the ALT constitute additional thymi. The ALT shares several features with the ILT such as presence of abundant lymphoid cells and myeloid cells embedded in a network of reticulated epithelial cells. Further, the ILT and the ALT are also a site for T/NK cell proliferation. Both ILT and ALT show structural changes after infection with Spring Viraemia of Carp Virus (SVCV). Together, these data suggest that ALT and ILT play an active role in immune responses. Comparative studies show that whereas the ILT seems absent in most neoteleosts (“Percomorphs”), the ALT is ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Dalum, Alf S. Kraus, Aurora Khan, Shanawaz Davydova, Erna Rigaudeau, Dimitri Bjørgen, Håvard López-Porras, Adrián Griffiths, Gareth Wiegertjes, Geert F. Koppang, Erling O. Salinas, Irene Boudinot, Pierre Rességuier, Julien |
author_facet |
Dalum, Alf S. Kraus, Aurora Khan, Shanawaz Davydova, Erna Rigaudeau, Dimitri Bjørgen, Håvard López-Porras, Adrián Griffiths, Gareth Wiegertjes, Geert F. Koppang, Erling O. Salinas, Irene Boudinot, Pierre Rességuier, Julien |
author_sort |
Dalum, Alf S. |
title |
High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue |
title_short |
High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue |
title_full |
High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue |
title_fullStr |
High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue |
title_full_unstemmed |
High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue |
title_sort |
high-resolution, 3d imaging of the zebrafish gill-associated lymphoid tissue (gialt) reveals a novel lymphoid structure, the amphibranchial lymphoid tissue |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8647647/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34880866 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Front Immunol |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8647647/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34880866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2021 Dalum, Kraus, Khan, Davydova, Rigaudeau, Bjørgen, López-Porras, Griffiths, Wiegertjes, Koppang, Salinas, Boudinot and Rességuier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Immunology |
container_volume |
12 |
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1766363534665449472 |