Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species
BACKGROUND: In Antarctica, summer sunlight enables phototrophic microorganisms to drive primary production, thereby “feeding” ecosystems to enable their persistence through the long, dark winter months. In Ace Lake, a stratified marine-derived system in the Vestfold Hills of East Antarctica, a Chlor...
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BioMed Central
2021
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620254/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34823595 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z |
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Research Panwar, Pratibha Allen, Michelle A. Williams, Timothy J. Haque, Sabrina Brazendale, Sarah Hancock, Alyce M. Paez-Espino, David Cavicchioli, Ricardo Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species |
topic_facet |
Research |
description |
BACKGROUND: In Antarctica, summer sunlight enables phototrophic microorganisms to drive primary production, thereby “feeding” ecosystems to enable their persistence through the long, dark winter months. In Ace Lake, a stratified marine-derived system in the Vestfold Hills of East Antarctica, a Chlorobium species of green sulphur bacteria (GSB) is the dominant phototroph, although its seasonal abundance changes more than 100-fold. Here, we analysed 413 Gb of Antarctic metagenome data including 59 Chlorobium metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from Ace Lake and nearby stratified marine basins to determine how genome variation and population structure across a 7-year period impacted ecosystem function. RESULTS: A single species, Candidatus Chlorobium antarcticum (most similar to Chlorobium phaeovibrioides DSM265) prevails in all three aquatic systems and harbours very little genomic variation (≥ 99% average nucleotide identity). A notable feature of variation that did exist related to the genomic capacity to biosynthesize cobalamin. The abundance of phylotypes with this capacity changed seasonally ~ 2-fold, consistent with the population balancing the value of a bolstered photosynthetic capacity in summer against an energetic cost in winter. The very high GSB concentration (> 10(8) cells ml(−1) in Ace Lake) and seasonal cycle of cell lysis likely make Ca. Chlorobium antarcticum a major provider of cobalamin to the food web. Analysis of Ca. Chlorobium antarcticum viruses revealed the species to be infected by generalist (rather than specialist) viruses with a broad host range (e.g., infecting Gammaproteobacteria) that were present in diverse Antarctic lakes. The marked seasonal decrease in Ca. Chlorobium antarcticum abundance may restrict specialist viruses from establishing effective lifecycles, whereas generalist viruses may augment their proliferation using other hosts. CONCLUSION: The factors shaping Antarctic microbial communities are gradually being defined. In addition to the cold, the annual variation in ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Panwar, Pratibha Allen, Michelle A. Williams, Timothy J. Haque, Sabrina Brazendale, Sarah Hancock, Alyce M. Paez-Espino, David Cavicchioli, Ricardo |
author_facet |
Panwar, Pratibha Allen, Michelle A. Williams, Timothy J. Haque, Sabrina Brazendale, Sarah Hancock, Alyce M. Paez-Espino, David Cavicchioli, Ricardo |
author_sort |
Panwar, Pratibha |
title |
Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species |
title_short |
Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species |
title_full |
Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species |
title_fullStr |
Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species |
title_sort |
remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant antarctic chlorobium species |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620254/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34823595 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z |
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ENVELOPE(78.188,78.188,-68.472,-68.472) |
geographic |
Ace Lake Antarctic East Antarctica Vestfold Vestfold Hills |
geographic_facet |
Ace Lake Antarctic East Antarctica Vestfold Vestfold Hills |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica |
op_source |
Microbiome |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620254/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34823595 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z |
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© The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
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CC0 PDM CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z |
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Microbiome |
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9 |
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1 |
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1766264528303030272 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8620254 2023-05-15T13:56:55+02:00 Remarkably coherent population structure for a dominant Antarctic Chlorobium species Panwar, Pratibha Allen, Michelle A. Williams, Timothy J. Haque, Sabrina Brazendale, Sarah Hancock, Alyce M. Paez-Espino, David Cavicchioli, Ricardo 2021-11-26 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620254/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34823595 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620254/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34823595 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. CC0 PDM CC-BY Microbiome Research Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01173-z 2021-12-05T01:50:54Z BACKGROUND: In Antarctica, summer sunlight enables phototrophic microorganisms to drive primary production, thereby “feeding” ecosystems to enable their persistence through the long, dark winter months. In Ace Lake, a stratified marine-derived system in the Vestfold Hills of East Antarctica, a Chlorobium species of green sulphur bacteria (GSB) is the dominant phototroph, although its seasonal abundance changes more than 100-fold. Here, we analysed 413 Gb of Antarctic metagenome data including 59 Chlorobium metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from Ace Lake and nearby stratified marine basins to determine how genome variation and population structure across a 7-year period impacted ecosystem function. RESULTS: A single species, Candidatus Chlorobium antarcticum (most similar to Chlorobium phaeovibrioides DSM265) prevails in all three aquatic systems and harbours very little genomic variation (≥ 99% average nucleotide identity). A notable feature of variation that did exist related to the genomic capacity to biosynthesize cobalamin. The abundance of phylotypes with this capacity changed seasonally ~ 2-fold, consistent with the population balancing the value of a bolstered photosynthetic capacity in summer against an energetic cost in winter. The very high GSB concentration (> 10(8) cells ml(−1) in Ace Lake) and seasonal cycle of cell lysis likely make Ca. Chlorobium antarcticum a major provider of cobalamin to the food web. Analysis of Ca. Chlorobium antarcticum viruses revealed the species to be infected by generalist (rather than specialist) viruses with a broad host range (e.g., infecting Gammaproteobacteria) that were present in diverse Antarctic lakes. The marked seasonal decrease in Ca. Chlorobium antarcticum abundance may restrict specialist viruses from establishing effective lifecycles, whereas generalist viruses may augment their proliferation using other hosts. CONCLUSION: The factors shaping Antarctic microbial communities are gradually being defined. In addition to the cold, the annual variation in ... Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica PubMed Central (PMC) Ace Lake ENVELOPE(78.188,78.188,-68.472,-68.472) Antarctic East Antarctica Vestfold Vestfold Hills Microbiome 9 1 |