Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon
Farmed fish are commonly exposed to stress in intensive aquaculture systems, often leading to immune impairment and increased susceptibility to disease. As microbial communities associated with the gut and skin are vital to host health and disease resilience, disruption of microbiome integrity could...
Published in: | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8600188 2023-05-15T15:31:46+02:00 Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon Uren Webster, Tamsyn M. Consuegra, Sofia Garcia de Leaniz, Carlos 2021-12 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8600188/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34365156 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100888 en eng Elsevier http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8600188/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34365156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100888 © 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100888 2021-12-05T01:44:13Z Farmed fish are commonly exposed to stress in intensive aquaculture systems, often leading to immune impairment and increased susceptibility to disease. As microbial communities associated with the gut and skin are vital to host health and disease resilience, disruption of microbiome integrity could contribute to the adverse consequences of stress exposure. Little is known about how stress affects the fish microbiome, especially during sensitive early life stages when initial colonisation and proliferation of host-associated microbial communities take place. Therefore, we compared the effects of two aquaculture-relevant early-life stressors on the gut and skin microbiome of Atlantic salmon fry (four months post hatching) using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Acute cold stress applied during late embryogenesis had a pronounced, lasting effect on the structure of the skin microbiome, as well as a less consistent effect on the gut microbiome. Follow-up targeted qPCR assays suggested that this is likely due to disruption of the egg shell microbial communities at the initial stages of microbiome colonisation, with persistent effects on community structure. In contrast, chronic post hatching stress altered the structure of the gut microbiome, but not that of the skin. Both types of stress promoted similar Gammaproteobacteria ASVs, particularly within the genera Acinetobacter and Aeromonas, which include several important opportunistic fish pathogens. Our results demonstrate the sensitivity of the salmon microbiome to environmental stressors during early life, with potential associated health impacts on the host. We also identified common signatures of stress in the salmon microbiome, which may represent useful microbial stress biomarkers. Text Atlantic salmon PubMed Central (PMC) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics 40 100888 |
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Article Uren Webster, Tamsyn M. Consuegra, Sofia Garcia de Leaniz, Carlos Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon |
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Article |
description |
Farmed fish are commonly exposed to stress in intensive aquaculture systems, often leading to immune impairment and increased susceptibility to disease. As microbial communities associated with the gut and skin are vital to host health and disease resilience, disruption of microbiome integrity could contribute to the adverse consequences of stress exposure. Little is known about how stress affects the fish microbiome, especially during sensitive early life stages when initial colonisation and proliferation of host-associated microbial communities take place. Therefore, we compared the effects of two aquaculture-relevant early-life stressors on the gut and skin microbiome of Atlantic salmon fry (four months post hatching) using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Acute cold stress applied during late embryogenesis had a pronounced, lasting effect on the structure of the skin microbiome, as well as a less consistent effect on the gut microbiome. Follow-up targeted qPCR assays suggested that this is likely due to disruption of the egg shell microbial communities at the initial stages of microbiome colonisation, with persistent effects on community structure. In contrast, chronic post hatching stress altered the structure of the gut microbiome, but not that of the skin. Both types of stress promoted similar Gammaproteobacteria ASVs, particularly within the genera Acinetobacter and Aeromonas, which include several important opportunistic fish pathogens. Our results demonstrate the sensitivity of the salmon microbiome to environmental stressors during early life, with potential associated health impacts on the host. We also identified common signatures of stress in the salmon microbiome, which may represent useful microbial stress biomarkers. |
format |
Text |
author |
Uren Webster, Tamsyn M. Consuegra, Sofia Garcia de Leaniz, Carlos |
author_facet |
Uren Webster, Tamsyn M. Consuegra, Sofia Garcia de Leaniz, Carlos |
author_sort |
Uren Webster, Tamsyn M. |
title |
Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon |
title_short |
Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon |
title_full |
Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon |
title_fullStr |
Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of Atlantic salmon |
title_sort |
early life stress causes persistent impacts on the microbiome of atlantic salmon |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8600188/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34365156 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100888 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8600188/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34365156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100888 |
op_rights |
© 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100888 |
container_title |
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics |
container_volume |
40 |
container_start_page |
100888 |
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1766362291449626624 |