Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco
Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is a risk marker, and smoking is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is unclear if the effect of smoked tobacco on homocysteine is mediated by nicotine or other combustion products in smoked tobacco. Snus (moist smokeless tobacco) is high nicoti...
Published in: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8583682 2023-05-15T17:44:42+02:00 Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco Söderström, Elisabet Nilsson, Torbjörn K. Schneede, Jörn Ueland, Per-Magne Midttun, Øivind Gylling, Björn Johansson, Ingegerd Hultdin, Johan 2021-10-29 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583682/ https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111365 en eng MDPI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583682/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111365 © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111365 2021-11-14T01:56:47Z Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is a risk marker, and smoking is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is unclear if the effect of smoked tobacco on homocysteine is mediated by nicotine or other combustion products in smoked tobacco. Snus (moist smokeless tobacco) is high nicotine-containing tobacco, and little is known about the effect of snus on plasma homocysteine. Therefore, we studied, in a cross-section of subjects (n = 1375) from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, with strictly defined current smokers (n = 194) and snus users (n = 47), the impact of tobacco exposure on tHcy, assessed by self-reported tobacco habits and plasma cotinine concentrations. The snus users had higher cotinine concentrations than the smokers. Cotinine, creatinine, methylmalonic acid, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype (MTHFR) T allele were positively associated with tHcy among the smokers, but not among the snus users. No association was observed between tHcy and the number of cigarettes/day. There was a positive association between cotinine and tHcy in the smokers, but not among the snus users. This indicates that substances other than nicotine in tobacco smoke could be responsible for the differential effects on homocysteine status. Self-reported smoking should be complemented by a cotinine assay whenever possible. Text Northern Sweden PubMed Central (PMC) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18 21 11365 |
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Article Söderström, Elisabet Nilsson, Torbjörn K. Schneede, Jörn Ueland, Per-Magne Midttun, Øivind Gylling, Björn Johansson, Ingegerd Hultdin, Johan Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco |
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Article |
description |
Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is a risk marker, and smoking is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is unclear if the effect of smoked tobacco on homocysteine is mediated by nicotine or other combustion products in smoked tobacco. Snus (moist smokeless tobacco) is high nicotine-containing tobacco, and little is known about the effect of snus on plasma homocysteine. Therefore, we studied, in a cross-section of subjects (n = 1375) from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, with strictly defined current smokers (n = 194) and snus users (n = 47), the impact of tobacco exposure on tHcy, assessed by self-reported tobacco habits and plasma cotinine concentrations. The snus users had higher cotinine concentrations than the smokers. Cotinine, creatinine, methylmalonic acid, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype (MTHFR) T allele were positively associated with tHcy among the smokers, but not among the snus users. No association was observed between tHcy and the number of cigarettes/day. There was a positive association between cotinine and tHcy in the smokers, but not among the snus users. This indicates that substances other than nicotine in tobacco smoke could be responsible for the differential effects on homocysteine status. Self-reported smoking should be complemented by a cotinine assay whenever possible. |
format |
Text |
author |
Söderström, Elisabet Nilsson, Torbjörn K. Schneede, Jörn Ueland, Per-Magne Midttun, Øivind Gylling, Björn Johansson, Ingegerd Hultdin, Johan |
author_facet |
Söderström, Elisabet Nilsson, Torbjörn K. Schneede, Jörn Ueland, Per-Magne Midttun, Øivind Gylling, Björn Johansson, Ingegerd Hultdin, Johan |
author_sort |
Söderström, Elisabet |
title |
Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco |
title_short |
Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco |
title_full |
Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco |
title_fullStr |
Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plasma Cotinine Is Positively Associated with Homocysteine in Smokers but Not in Users of Smokeless Tobacco |
title_sort |
plasma cotinine is positively associated with homocysteine in smokers but not in users of smokeless tobacco |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583682/ https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111365 |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_source |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583682/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111365 |
op_rights |
© 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111365 |
container_title |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
21 |
container_start_page |
11365 |
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1766146982595788800 |