Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene?
In the Aleutian Islands during the Holocene, terrestrial predators were actually absent; as a result, large seabird colonies thrived along the coasts or across entire islands. Bird guano enriches the soil with nitrogen, which can lead to the formation of highly modified ornithogenic (bird‐formed) ec...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8525163 2023-05-15T13:14:43+02:00 Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? Smyshlyaeva, Olesya Igorevna Severova, Elena Erastovna Krylovich, Olga Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Evgeniya Andreevna Savinetsky, Arkady Borisovich Dixie, West Hatfield, Virginia 2021-09-14 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525163/ https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8121 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525163/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8121 © 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Ecol Evol Research Articles Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8121 2021-10-31T00:30:24Z In the Aleutian Islands during the Holocene, terrestrial predators were actually absent; as a result, large seabird colonies thrived along the coasts or across entire islands. Bird guano enriches the soil with nitrogen, which can lead to the formation of highly modified ornithogenic (bird‐formed) ecosystems. For a more detailed investigation of avian influence, we reconstructed more than 10,000‐year‐old vegetation dynamics of the coast of Shemya Island (Near Islands) by pollen analysis. At the initial stages of vegetation development (10,000–4,600 cal year BP), sedge–heather tundra grew in the studied area. A seabird colony existed on Shemya from 4,600 to 2,400 cal year BP according to stable isotope analysis. During a period of at least 2,200 years, nitrogen enrichment led to the development of ornithogenic herb meadows with a high presence of Apiaceae. A long‐term increase in δ15N above 9–10‰ led to radical shifts in vegetation. Noticeable reduction of seabird colonies due to human hunting led to grass‐meadows spreading. After a prolonged decrease δ15N below 9–10‰ (2,400 cal year BP to present), there was a shift toward less productive sedge‐tundra communities. However, the significant enrichment of guano affected only the coastal vegetation and did not alter the inland Shemya Island. Text Aleutian Island Tundra Aleutian Islands PubMed Central (PMC) Guano ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) Near Islands ENVELOPE(173.132,173.132,52.801,52.801) Shemya Island ENVELOPE(174.119,174.119,52.724,52.724) Ecology and Evolution 11 20 14088 14100 |
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Research Articles |
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Research Articles Smyshlyaeva, Olesya Igorevna Severova, Elena Erastovna Krylovich, Olga Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Evgeniya Andreevna Savinetsky, Arkady Borisovich Dixie, West Hatfield, Virginia Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? |
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Research Articles |
description |
In the Aleutian Islands during the Holocene, terrestrial predators were actually absent; as a result, large seabird colonies thrived along the coasts or across entire islands. Bird guano enriches the soil with nitrogen, which can lead to the formation of highly modified ornithogenic (bird‐formed) ecosystems. For a more detailed investigation of avian influence, we reconstructed more than 10,000‐year‐old vegetation dynamics of the coast of Shemya Island (Near Islands) by pollen analysis. At the initial stages of vegetation development (10,000–4,600 cal year BP), sedge–heather tundra grew in the studied area. A seabird colony existed on Shemya from 4,600 to 2,400 cal year BP according to stable isotope analysis. During a period of at least 2,200 years, nitrogen enrichment led to the development of ornithogenic herb meadows with a high presence of Apiaceae. A long‐term increase in δ15N above 9–10‰ led to radical shifts in vegetation. Noticeable reduction of seabird colonies due to human hunting led to grass‐meadows spreading. After a prolonged decrease δ15N below 9–10‰ (2,400 cal year BP to present), there was a shift toward less productive sedge‐tundra communities. However, the significant enrichment of guano affected only the coastal vegetation and did not alter the inland Shemya Island. |
format |
Text |
author |
Smyshlyaeva, Olesya Igorevna Severova, Elena Erastovna Krylovich, Olga Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Evgeniya Andreevna Savinetsky, Arkady Borisovich Dixie, West Hatfield, Virginia |
author_facet |
Smyshlyaeva, Olesya Igorevna Severova, Elena Erastovna Krylovich, Olga Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Evgeniya Andreevna Savinetsky, Arkady Borisovich Dixie, West Hatfield, Virginia |
author_sort |
Smyshlyaeva, Olesya Igorevna |
title |
Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? |
title_short |
Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? |
title_full |
Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? |
title_fullStr |
Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ornithogenic vegetation: How significant has the seabird influence been on the Aleutian Island vegetation during the Holocene? |
title_sort |
ornithogenic vegetation: how significant has the seabird influence been on the aleutian island vegetation during the holocene? |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525163/ https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8121 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) ENVELOPE(173.132,173.132,52.801,52.801) ENVELOPE(174.119,174.119,52.724,52.724) |
geographic |
Guano Near Islands Shemya Island |
geographic_facet |
Guano Near Islands Shemya Island |
genre |
Aleutian Island Tundra Aleutian Islands |
genre_facet |
Aleutian Island Tundra Aleutian Islands |
op_source |
Ecol Evol |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525163/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8121 |
op_rights |
© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8121 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
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11 |
container_issue |
20 |
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14088 |
op_container_end_page |
14100 |
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1766265129193701376 |