Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as the dominant predictor for the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) in the early 1900s. An apparent weakening of the ENSO–ISMR relationship has been observed since the 1970s. Here, we found a clear restoration of the ENSO–ISMR relationship since...
Published in: | The Innovation |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454755/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8454755 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8454755 2023-05-15T17:33:44+02:00 Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 Yang, Xianke Huang, Ping 2021-04-02 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454755/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 en eng Elsevier http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454755/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). CC-BY-NC-ND Innovation (N Y) Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 2021-09-26T00:39:31Z El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as the dominant predictor for the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) in the early 1900s. An apparent weakening of the ENSO–ISMR relationship has been observed since the 1970s. Here, we found a clear restoration of the ENSO–ISMR relationship since 1999/2000. This restoring relationship is closely linked to the interdecadal transition of ENSO evolution and the associated sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) over the tropical Atlantic. During 1979–1997, summer ENSO events mainly continued from the previous winter, which can drive apparent Atlantic Niña SSTAs to offset ENSO's impact on ISMR and weaken the ENSO–ISMR relationship. In contrast, when ENSO events newly emerge from late spring, as they have done more recently during 2000–2018, the associated tropical Atlantic SSTAs are weak and shift to the tropical North Atlantic, which can offset the contribution of Atlantic Niña and reinforce the ENSO–ISMR relationship. We identified that the diversity of ENSO's evolution, continuing from the previous winter or emerging from late spring, is the dominant factor perturbing the ENSO–ISMR relationship in recent epochs, with tropical Atlantic SSTAs as the crucial bridge. This finding should be considered in our efforts to improve ISMR prediction. Text North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Indian The Innovation 2 2 100102 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Article |
spellingShingle |
Article Yang, Xianke Huang, Ping Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
topic_facet |
Article |
description |
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as the dominant predictor for the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) in the early 1900s. An apparent weakening of the ENSO–ISMR relationship has been observed since the 1970s. Here, we found a clear restoration of the ENSO–ISMR relationship since 1999/2000. This restoring relationship is closely linked to the interdecadal transition of ENSO evolution and the associated sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) over the tropical Atlantic. During 1979–1997, summer ENSO events mainly continued from the previous winter, which can drive apparent Atlantic Niña SSTAs to offset ENSO's impact on ISMR and weaken the ENSO–ISMR relationship. In contrast, when ENSO events newly emerge from late spring, as they have done more recently during 2000–2018, the associated tropical Atlantic SSTAs are weak and shift to the tropical North Atlantic, which can offset the contribution of Atlantic Niña and reinforce the ENSO–ISMR relationship. We identified that the diversity of ENSO's evolution, continuing from the previous winter or emerging from late spring, is the dominant factor perturbing the ENSO–ISMR relationship in recent epochs, with tropical Atlantic SSTAs as the crucial bridge. This finding should be considered in our efforts to improve ISMR prediction. |
format |
Text |
author |
Yang, Xianke Huang, Ping |
author_facet |
Yang, Xianke Huang, Ping |
author_sort |
Yang, Xianke |
title |
Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
title_short |
Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
title_full |
Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
title_fullStr |
Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
title_sort |
restored relationship between enso and indian summer monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000 |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454755/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 |
geographic |
Indian |
geographic_facet |
Indian |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Innovation (N Y) |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454755/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 |
op_rights |
© 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102 |
container_title |
The Innovation |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
100102 |
_version_ |
1766132341177057280 |