Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands
Grasslands are major primary producers and function as major components of important watersheds. Although a concise definition of grasslands cannot be given using a physiognomic or structural approach, grasslands can be described as vegetation communities experiencing periodical droughts and with ca...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8381356 2023-05-15T13:33:11+02:00 Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands Karunarathna, Anuruddha Tibpromma, Saowaluck Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. Nanayakkara, Chandrika Asad, Suhail Xu, Jianchu Hyde, Kevin D. Karunarathna, Samantha C. Stephenson, Steven L. Lumyong, Saisamorn Kumla, Jaturong 2021-08-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381356/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34434901 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381356/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34434901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 Copyright © 2021 Karunarathna, Tibpromma, Jayawardena, Nanayakkara, Asad, Xu, Hyde, Karunarathna, Stephenson, Lumyong and Kumla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 2021-08-29T00:39:54Z Grasslands are major primary producers and function as major components of important watersheds. Although a concise definition of grasslands cannot be given using a physiognomic or structural approach, grasslands can be described as vegetation communities experiencing periodical droughts and with canopies dominated by grasses and grass-like plants. Grasslands have a cosmopolitan distribution except for the Antarctic region. Fungal interactions with grasses can be pathogenic or symbiotic. Herbivorous mammals, insects, other grassland animals, and fungal pathogens are known to play important roles in maintaining the biomass and biodiversity of grasslands. Although most pathogenicity studies on the members of Poaceae have been focused on economically important crops, the plant-fungal pathogenic interactions involved can extend to the full range of ecological circumstances that exist in nature. Hence, it is important to delineate the fungal pathogen communities and their interactions in man-made monoculture systems and highly diverse natural ecosystems. A better understanding of the key fungal players can be achieved by combining modern techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) together with studies involving classic phytopathology, taxonomy, and phylogeny. It is of utmost importance to develop experimental designs that account for the ecological complexity of the relationships between grasses and fungi, both above and below ground. In grasslands, loss in species diversity increases interactions such as herbivory, mutualism, predation or infectious disease transmission. Host species density and the presence of heterospecific host species, also affect the disease dynamics in grasslands. Many studies have shown that lower species diversity increases the severity as well as the transmission rate of fungal diseases. Moreover, communities that were once highly diverse but have experienced decreased species richness and dominancy have also shown higher pathogenicity load due to the relaxed competition, although ... Text Antarc* Antarctic PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic The Antarctic Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 11 |
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Cellular and Infection Microbiology Karunarathna, Anuruddha Tibpromma, Saowaluck Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. Nanayakkara, Chandrika Asad, Suhail Xu, Jianchu Hyde, Kevin D. Karunarathna, Samantha C. Stephenson, Steven L. Lumyong, Saisamorn Kumla, Jaturong Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
topic_facet |
Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
description |
Grasslands are major primary producers and function as major components of important watersheds. Although a concise definition of grasslands cannot be given using a physiognomic or structural approach, grasslands can be described as vegetation communities experiencing periodical droughts and with canopies dominated by grasses and grass-like plants. Grasslands have a cosmopolitan distribution except for the Antarctic region. Fungal interactions with grasses can be pathogenic or symbiotic. Herbivorous mammals, insects, other grassland animals, and fungal pathogens are known to play important roles in maintaining the biomass and biodiversity of grasslands. Although most pathogenicity studies on the members of Poaceae have been focused on economically important crops, the plant-fungal pathogenic interactions involved can extend to the full range of ecological circumstances that exist in nature. Hence, it is important to delineate the fungal pathogen communities and their interactions in man-made monoculture systems and highly diverse natural ecosystems. A better understanding of the key fungal players can be achieved by combining modern techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) together with studies involving classic phytopathology, taxonomy, and phylogeny. It is of utmost importance to develop experimental designs that account for the ecological complexity of the relationships between grasses and fungi, both above and below ground. In grasslands, loss in species diversity increases interactions such as herbivory, mutualism, predation or infectious disease transmission. Host species density and the presence of heterospecific host species, also affect the disease dynamics in grasslands. Many studies have shown that lower species diversity increases the severity as well as the transmission rate of fungal diseases. Moreover, communities that were once highly diverse but have experienced decreased species richness and dominancy have also shown higher pathogenicity load due to the relaxed competition, although ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Karunarathna, Anuruddha Tibpromma, Saowaluck Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. Nanayakkara, Chandrika Asad, Suhail Xu, Jianchu Hyde, Kevin D. Karunarathna, Samantha C. Stephenson, Steven L. Lumyong, Saisamorn Kumla, Jaturong |
author_facet |
Karunarathna, Anuruddha Tibpromma, Saowaluck Jayawardena, Ruvishika S. Nanayakkara, Chandrika Asad, Suhail Xu, Jianchu Hyde, Kevin D. Karunarathna, Samantha C. Stephenson, Steven L. Lumyong, Saisamorn Kumla, Jaturong |
author_sort |
Karunarathna, Anuruddha |
title |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_short |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_full |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_fullStr |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_sort |
fungal pathogens in grasslands |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381356/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34434901 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 |
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Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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Front Cell Infect Microbiol |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381356/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34434901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2021 Karunarathna, Tibpromma, Jayawardena, Nanayakkara, Asad, Xu, Hyde, Karunarathna, Stephenson, Lumyong and Kumla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 |
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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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11 |
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