Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS) project,...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8137957 2023-05-15T13:31:32+02:00 Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence Pezzi, Luciano P. de Souza, Ronald B. Santini, Marcelo F. Miller, Arthur J. Carvalho, Jonas T. Parise, Claudia K. Quadro, Mario F. Rosa, Eliana B. Justino, Flavio Sutil, Ueslei A. Cabrera, Mylene J. Babanin, Alexander V. Voermans, Joey Nascimento, Ernani L. Alves, Rita C. M. Munchow, Gabriel B. Rubert, Joel 2021-05-20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8137957/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017014 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8137957/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9 © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Sci Rep Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9 2021-05-30T00:35:56Z Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS) project, a WCE that was shed from the Brazil Current was sampled. Apart from traditional meteorological measurements, we used the Eddy Covariance method to directly measure the ocean–atmosphere sensible heat, latent heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) fluxes. The mechanisms of pressure adjustment and vertical mixing that can make the MABL unstable were both identified. The WCE also acted to increase the surface winds and heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. Oceanic regions at middle and high latitudes are expected to absorb atmospheric CO(2), and are thereby considered as sinks, due to their cold waters. Instead, the presence of this WCE in midlatitudes, surrounded by predominantly cold waters, caused the ocean to locally act as a CO(2) source. The contribution to the atmosphere was estimated as 0.3 ± 0.04 mmol m(−2) day(−1), averaged over the sampling period. The CO(2) transfer velocity coefficient (K) was determined using a quadratic fit and showed an adequate representation of ocean–atmosphere fluxes. The ocean–atmosphere CO(2), momentum, and heat fluxes were each closely correlated with the SST. The increase of SST inside the WCE clearly resulted in larger magnitudes of all of the ocean–atmosphere fluxes studied here. This study adds to our understanding of how oceanic mesoscale structures, such as this WCE, affect the overlying atmosphere. Text Antarc* Antarctic PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic The Antarctic Scientific Reports 11 1 |
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Article Pezzi, Luciano P. de Souza, Ronald B. Santini, Marcelo F. Miller, Arthur J. Carvalho, Jonas T. Parise, Claudia K. Quadro, Mario F. Rosa, Eliana B. Justino, Flavio Sutil, Ueslei A. Cabrera, Mylene J. Babanin, Alexander V. Voermans, Joey Nascimento, Ernani L. Alves, Rita C. M. Munchow, Gabriel B. Rubert, Joel Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence |
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Article |
description |
Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS) project, a WCE that was shed from the Brazil Current was sampled. Apart from traditional meteorological measurements, we used the Eddy Covariance method to directly measure the ocean–atmosphere sensible heat, latent heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) fluxes. The mechanisms of pressure adjustment and vertical mixing that can make the MABL unstable were both identified. The WCE also acted to increase the surface winds and heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. Oceanic regions at middle and high latitudes are expected to absorb atmospheric CO(2), and are thereby considered as sinks, due to their cold waters. Instead, the presence of this WCE in midlatitudes, surrounded by predominantly cold waters, caused the ocean to locally act as a CO(2) source. The contribution to the atmosphere was estimated as 0.3 ± 0.04 mmol m(−2) day(−1), averaged over the sampling period. The CO(2) transfer velocity coefficient (K) was determined using a quadratic fit and showed an adequate representation of ocean–atmosphere fluxes. The ocean–atmosphere CO(2), momentum, and heat fluxes were each closely correlated with the SST. The increase of SST inside the WCE clearly resulted in larger magnitudes of all of the ocean–atmosphere fluxes studied here. This study adds to our understanding of how oceanic mesoscale structures, such as this WCE, affect the overlying atmosphere. |
format |
Text |
author |
Pezzi, Luciano P. de Souza, Ronald B. Santini, Marcelo F. Miller, Arthur J. Carvalho, Jonas T. Parise, Claudia K. Quadro, Mario F. Rosa, Eliana B. Justino, Flavio Sutil, Ueslei A. Cabrera, Mylene J. Babanin, Alexander V. Voermans, Joey Nascimento, Ernani L. Alves, Rita C. M. Munchow, Gabriel B. Rubert, Joel |
author_facet |
Pezzi, Luciano P. de Souza, Ronald B. Santini, Marcelo F. Miller, Arthur J. Carvalho, Jonas T. Parise, Claudia K. Quadro, Mario F. Rosa, Eliana B. Justino, Flavio Sutil, Ueslei A. Cabrera, Mylene J. Babanin, Alexander V. Voermans, Joey Nascimento, Ernani L. Alves, Rita C. M. Munchow, Gabriel B. Rubert, Joel |
author_sort |
Pezzi, Luciano P. |
title |
Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence |
title_short |
Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence |
title_full |
Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence |
title_fullStr |
Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence |
title_full_unstemmed |
Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO(2) fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence |
title_sort |
oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and co(2) fluxes in the brazil-malvinas confluence |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8137957/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017014 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9 |
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Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
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Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Sci Rep |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8137957/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34017014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9 |
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