An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination
When rabies reappeared in Finland in April 1988, the country had been rabies free since 1959. Soon a picture of sylvatic rabies become evident, its main vector and victim being the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Between 8 April 1988 and 16 February 1989, 66 virologically verified cases were...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8117877 2023-05-15T15:12:22+02:00 An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination Nyberg, Matti Kulonen, Katariina Neuvonen, Erkki Ek-Kommonen, Christine Nuorgam, Marja Westerling, Bengt 1992-03-01 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8117877/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598857 https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546935 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8117877/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/BF03546935 © The Author(s) 1992 Acta Vet Scand Article Text 1992 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546935 2021-05-23T00:31:20Z When rabies reappeared in Finland in April 1988, the country had been rabies free since 1959. Soon a picture of sylvatic rabies become evident, its main vector and victim being the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Between 8 April 1988 and 16 February 1989, 66 virologically verified cases were recorded (48 raccoon dogs, 12 red foxes, 2 badgers, 2 cats, l dog and 1 dairy bull) in an area estimated at 1700 km(2) in south-eastern Finland. The greatest distance between recorded cases was 67 km. A positive reaction with monoclonal antibody p-41 indicated that the virus was an arctic-type strain. A field trial on oral immunization of small predators was initiated in September 1988 using Tübingen fox baits according to the Bavarian model of bait distribution. Each bait contained 5*10(7) TCID(50)/ml modified live rabies virus (SAD-B19). The 6 months’ surveillance indicate a seroconversion rate of 72% (N=126) in the raccoon dog population, 67% (N=56) in the red foxes and 13% (N=16) in the badgers, when titers ≥1.0 IU/ml are considered seropositive. In the whole follow-up period, no statistically significant difference could be detected between the raccoon dogs and red foxes in the rate of seroconversion or in the uptake of tetracycline from the baits. Notably high antibody levels were recorded in both raccoon dogs and red foxes within 4–5 months after vaccination. Of the seropositive animals, the proportion of animals with titers 3.0 IU/ml or greater was higher in raccoon dogs (73%) than in red foxes (51%) (x(2)= 5.29, p< 0.05). The trial shows that raccoon dogs can be immunized against rabies in the field with vaccine baits originally developed for controlling sylvatic rabies in foxes. Text Arctic PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 33 1 43 57 |
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Article Nyberg, Matti Kulonen, Katariina Neuvonen, Erkki Ek-Kommonen, Christine Nuorgam, Marja Westerling, Bengt An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination |
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When rabies reappeared in Finland in April 1988, the country had been rabies free since 1959. Soon a picture of sylvatic rabies become evident, its main vector and victim being the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Between 8 April 1988 and 16 February 1989, 66 virologically verified cases were recorded (48 raccoon dogs, 12 red foxes, 2 badgers, 2 cats, l dog and 1 dairy bull) in an area estimated at 1700 km(2) in south-eastern Finland. The greatest distance between recorded cases was 67 km. A positive reaction with monoclonal antibody p-41 indicated that the virus was an arctic-type strain. A field trial on oral immunization of small predators was initiated in September 1988 using Tübingen fox baits according to the Bavarian model of bait distribution. Each bait contained 5*10(7) TCID(50)/ml modified live rabies virus (SAD-B19). The 6 months’ surveillance indicate a seroconversion rate of 72% (N=126) in the raccoon dog population, 67% (N=56) in the red foxes and 13% (N=16) in the badgers, when titers ≥1.0 IU/ml are considered seropositive. In the whole follow-up period, no statistically significant difference could be detected between the raccoon dogs and red foxes in the rate of seroconversion or in the uptake of tetracycline from the baits. Notably high antibody levels were recorded in both raccoon dogs and red foxes within 4–5 months after vaccination. Of the seropositive animals, the proportion of animals with titers 3.0 IU/ml or greater was higher in raccoon dogs (73%) than in red foxes (51%) (x(2)= 5.29, p< 0.05). The trial shows that raccoon dogs can be immunized against rabies in the field with vaccine baits originally developed for controlling sylvatic rabies in foxes. |
format |
Text |
author |
Nyberg, Matti Kulonen, Katariina Neuvonen, Erkki Ek-Kommonen, Christine Nuorgam, Marja Westerling, Bengt |
author_facet |
Nyberg, Matti Kulonen, Katariina Neuvonen, Erkki Ek-Kommonen, Christine Nuorgam, Marja Westerling, Bengt |
author_sort |
Nyberg, Matti |
title |
An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination |
title_short |
An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination |
title_full |
An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination |
title_fullStr |
An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Epidemic of Sylvatic Rabies in Finland: Descriptive Epidemiology and Results of Oral Vaccination |
title_sort |
epidemic of sylvatic rabies in finland: descriptive epidemiology and results of oral vaccination |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
1992 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8117877/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598857 https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546935 |
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Arctic |
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Arctic |
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Arctic |
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Arctic |
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Acta Vet Scand |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8117877/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1598857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/BF03546935 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 1992 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546935 |
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Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
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33 |
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1 |
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43 |
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57 |
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1766343057733582848 |