Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species
Tenacibaculum are frequently detected from fish with tenacibaculosis at aquaculture sites; however, information on the ecology of these bacteria is sparse. Quantitative-PCR assays were used to detect T. maritimum and T. dicentrarchi at commercial Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) netpen sites throughout...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8066307 2023-05-15T15:31:23+02:00 Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species Nowlan, Joseph P. Britney, Scott R. Lumsden, John S. Russell, Spencer 2021-04-01 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066307/ https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 en eng MDPI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066307/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Pathogens Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 2021-05-02T00:34:21Z Tenacibaculum are frequently detected from fish with tenacibaculosis at aquaculture sites; however, information on the ecology of these bacteria is sparse. Quantitative-PCR assays were used to detect T. maritimum and T. dicentrarchi at commercial Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) netpen sites throughout several tenacibaculosis outbreaks. T. dicentrarchi and T. maritimum were identified in live fish, dead fish, other organisms associated with netpens, water samples and on inanimate substrates, which indicates a ubiquitous distribution around stocked netpen sites. Before an outbreak, T. dicentrarchi was found throughout the environment and from fish, and T. maritimum was infrequently identified. During an outbreak, increases in the bacterial load in were recorded and no differences were recorded after an outbreak supporting the observed recrudescence of mouthrot. More bacteria were recorded in the summer months, with more mortality events and antibiotic treatments, indicating that seasonality may influence tenacibaculosis; however, outbreaks occurred in both seasons. Relationships were identified between fish mortalities and antimicrobial use to water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen) (p < 0.05), but with low R(2) values (<0.25), other variables are also involved. Furthermore, Tenacibaculum species appear to have a ubiquitous spatial and temporal distribution around stocked netpen sites, and with the potential to induce disease in Atlantic salmon, continued research is needed. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Canada Pathogens 10 4 414 |
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Article Nowlan, Joseph P. Britney, Scott R. Lumsden, John S. Russell, Spencer Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
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Article |
description |
Tenacibaculum are frequently detected from fish with tenacibaculosis at aquaculture sites; however, information on the ecology of these bacteria is sparse. Quantitative-PCR assays were used to detect T. maritimum and T. dicentrarchi at commercial Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) netpen sites throughout several tenacibaculosis outbreaks. T. dicentrarchi and T. maritimum were identified in live fish, dead fish, other organisms associated with netpens, water samples and on inanimate substrates, which indicates a ubiquitous distribution around stocked netpen sites. Before an outbreak, T. dicentrarchi was found throughout the environment and from fish, and T. maritimum was infrequently identified. During an outbreak, increases in the bacterial load in were recorded and no differences were recorded after an outbreak supporting the observed recrudescence of mouthrot. More bacteria were recorded in the summer months, with more mortality events and antibiotic treatments, indicating that seasonality may influence tenacibaculosis; however, outbreaks occurred in both seasons. Relationships were identified between fish mortalities and antimicrobial use to water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen) (p < 0.05), but with low R(2) values (<0.25), other variables are also involved. Furthermore, Tenacibaculum species appear to have a ubiquitous spatial and temporal distribution around stocked netpen sites, and with the potential to induce disease in Atlantic salmon, continued research is needed. |
format |
Text |
author |
Nowlan, Joseph P. Britney, Scott R. Lumsden, John S. Russell, Spencer |
author_facet |
Nowlan, Joseph P. Britney, Scott R. Lumsden, John S. Russell, Spencer |
author_sort |
Nowlan, Joseph P. |
title |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_short |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_full |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_fullStr |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_sort |
application of quantitative-pcr to monitor netpen sites in british columbia (canada) for tenacibaculum species |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066307/ https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) |
geographic |
British Columbia Canada |
geographic_facet |
British Columbia Canada |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Pathogens |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8066307/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 |
op_rights |
© 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 |
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Pathogens |
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10 |
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4 |
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414 |
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1766361882582581248 |