A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA
Intra-species genetic homogenization arising from anthropogenic impacts is a major threat to biodiversity. However, few taxa have sufficient historical material to systematically quantify long-term genetic changes. Using archival DNA collected over approximately 100 years, we assessed spatio-tempora...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8059615 2023-05-15T15:32:30+02:00 A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti 2021-04-28 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8059615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33878928 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8059615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33878928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 © 2021 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Proc Biol Sci Genetics and Genomics Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 2021-05-23T00:23:03Z Intra-species genetic homogenization arising from anthropogenic impacts is a major threat to biodiversity. However, few taxa have sufficient historical material to systematically quantify long-term genetic changes. Using archival DNA collected over approximately 100 years, we assessed spatio-temporal genetic change in Atlantic salmon populations across the Baltic Sea, an area heavily impacted by hydropower exploitation and associated with large-scale mitigation stocking. Analysis was carried out by screening 82 SNPs in 1680 individuals from 13 Swedish rivers. We found an overall decrease in genetic divergence and diminished isolation by distance among populations, strongly indicating genetic homogenization over the past century. We further observed an increase in genetic diversity within populations consistent with increased gene flow. The temporal genetic change was lower in larger wild populations than in smaller wild and hatchery-reared ones, indicating that larger populations have been able to support a high number of native spawners in relation to immigrants. Our results demonstrate that stocking practices of salmon in the Baltic Sea have led to the homogenization of populations over the last century, potentially compromising their ability to adapt to environmental change. Stocking of reared fish is common worldwide, and our study is a cautionary example of the potentially long-term negative effects of such activities. Text Atlantic salmon PubMed Central (PMC) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 1949 |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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English |
topic |
Genetics and Genomics |
spellingShingle |
Genetics and Genomics Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
topic_facet |
Genetics and Genomics |
description |
Intra-species genetic homogenization arising from anthropogenic impacts is a major threat to biodiversity. However, few taxa have sufficient historical material to systematically quantify long-term genetic changes. Using archival DNA collected over approximately 100 years, we assessed spatio-temporal genetic change in Atlantic salmon populations across the Baltic Sea, an area heavily impacted by hydropower exploitation and associated with large-scale mitigation stocking. Analysis was carried out by screening 82 SNPs in 1680 individuals from 13 Swedish rivers. We found an overall decrease in genetic divergence and diminished isolation by distance among populations, strongly indicating genetic homogenization over the past century. We further observed an increase in genetic diversity within populations consistent with increased gene flow. The temporal genetic change was lower in larger wild populations than in smaller wild and hatchery-reared ones, indicating that larger populations have been able to support a high number of native spawners in relation to immigrants. Our results demonstrate that stocking practices of salmon in the Baltic Sea have led to the homogenization of populations over the last century, potentially compromising their ability to adapt to environmental change. Stocking of reared fish is common worldwide, and our study is a cautionary example of the potentially long-term negative effects of such activities. |
format |
Text |
author |
Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti |
author_facet |
Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti |
author_sort |
Östergren, Johan |
title |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_short |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_full |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_fullStr |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_full_unstemmed |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_sort |
century of genetic homogenization in baltic salmon—evidence from archival dna |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8059615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33878928 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Proc Biol Sci |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8059615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33878928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 |
op_rights |
© 2021 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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288 |
container_issue |
1949 |
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1766362991750545408 |