Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs
BACKGROUND: The Omega‐3 Index is a test that measures the amount of the long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in red blood cell membranes, which is expressed as a percentage of all fatty acids. However, alpha‐linolenic...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8025612 2023-05-15T13:50:30+02:00 Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs Dominguez, Tonje E. Kaur, Kiranpreet Burri, Lena 2020-10-06 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8025612/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33022896 https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.369 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8025612/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33022896 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vms3.369 © 2020 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. CC-BY-NC-ND Vet Med Sci Original Articles Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.369 2021-04-18T00:28:56Z BACKGROUND: The Omega‐3 Index is a test that measures the amount of the long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in red blood cell membranes, which is expressed as a percentage of all fatty acids. However, alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) from flaxseed oil, which is a short‐chain n‐3 PUFA, is often promoted in pet feed as a n‐3 source, implicitly assuming it is an effective precursor of EPA and DHA. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to compare the effect of supplementation with a plant‐based short‐chain n‐3 PUFA source (flaxseed oil, FSO) with a marine long‐chain n‐3 PUFA source (astaxanthin krill oil, AKO) to increase the Omega‐3 Index in dogs. METHODS: Ten adult Alaskan Huskies of both genders were supplemented daily with 1,155 mg of EPA/DHA from AKO, whereas another 10 dogs received 1,068 mg ALA from flaxseed oil for 6 weeks. Fatty acid and Omega‐3 Index measurements of the two groups were taken after 0, 3 and 6 weeks for comparison. RESULTS: The EPA and DHA concentrations increased significantly only in the dogs fed with AKO resulting in a significant increase in mean Omega‐3 Index, from 1.68% at baseline to 2.7% after 6 weeks of supplementation (p < .0001). On the contrary, both EPA and DHA concentrations decreased significantly in the dogs fed with FSO, which led to a significant decrease in mean Omega‐3 Index from 1.6% at baseline to 0.96% at study end (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that supplementation of AKO from Antarctic krill led to a significant increase in the Omega‐3 Index in comparison to FSO in dogs. This suggests that preformed marine EPA and DHA sources are needed in dog feeds, as the dietary requirements proposed by feed industry organizations are not met with conversion from short‐chain n‐3 fatty acids. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Huskies PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Veterinary Medicine and Science 7 2 370 377 |
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Original Articles Dominguez, Tonje E. Kaur, Kiranpreet Burri, Lena Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
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Original Articles |
description |
BACKGROUND: The Omega‐3 Index is a test that measures the amount of the long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in red blood cell membranes, which is expressed as a percentage of all fatty acids. However, alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) from flaxseed oil, which is a short‐chain n‐3 PUFA, is often promoted in pet feed as a n‐3 source, implicitly assuming it is an effective precursor of EPA and DHA. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to compare the effect of supplementation with a plant‐based short‐chain n‐3 PUFA source (flaxseed oil, FSO) with a marine long‐chain n‐3 PUFA source (astaxanthin krill oil, AKO) to increase the Omega‐3 Index in dogs. METHODS: Ten adult Alaskan Huskies of both genders were supplemented daily with 1,155 mg of EPA/DHA from AKO, whereas another 10 dogs received 1,068 mg ALA from flaxseed oil for 6 weeks. Fatty acid and Omega‐3 Index measurements of the two groups were taken after 0, 3 and 6 weeks for comparison. RESULTS: The EPA and DHA concentrations increased significantly only in the dogs fed with AKO resulting in a significant increase in mean Omega‐3 Index, from 1.68% at baseline to 2.7% after 6 weeks of supplementation (p < .0001). On the contrary, both EPA and DHA concentrations decreased significantly in the dogs fed with FSO, which led to a significant decrease in mean Omega‐3 Index from 1.6% at baseline to 0.96% at study end (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that supplementation of AKO from Antarctic krill led to a significant increase in the Omega‐3 Index in comparison to FSO in dogs. This suggests that preformed marine EPA and DHA sources are needed in dog feeds, as the dietary requirements proposed by feed industry organizations are not met with conversion from short‐chain n‐3 fatty acids. |
format |
Text |
author |
Dominguez, Tonje E. Kaur, Kiranpreet Burri, Lena |
author_facet |
Dominguez, Tonje E. Kaur, Kiranpreet Burri, Lena |
author_sort |
Dominguez, Tonje E. |
title |
Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
title_short |
Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
title_full |
Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
title_fullStr |
Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
title_sort |
enhanced omega‐3 index after long‐ versus short‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8025612/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33022896 https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.369 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Huskies |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Huskies |
op_source |
Vet Med Sci |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8025612/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33022896 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vms3.369 |
op_rights |
© 2020 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.369 |
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Veterinary Medicine and Science |
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7 |
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2 |
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370 |
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377 |
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