Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study
BACKGROUND: Sniffer dogs are able to detect certain chemical particles and are suggest to be capable of helping diagnose some medical conditions and complications, such as colorectal cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, and even critical states such as hypoglycemia in diabetic patients. With the global...
Published in: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BioMed Central
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934999/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673823 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7934999 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7934999 2023-05-15T18:13:19+02:00 Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study Eskandari, Esmaeil Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad Roudgari, Hassan Hamidi Farahani, Ramin Nezami-Asl, Amir Laripour, Reza Aliyazdi, Helen Dabbagh Moghaddam, Arasb Zibaseresht, Ramin Akbarialiabad, Hossein Yousefi Zoshk, Mojtaba Shiri, Hamidreza Shiri, Mahdi 2021-03-05 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934999/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673823 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934999/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673823 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. CC0 PDM CC-BY BMC Infect Dis Research Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 2021-03-14T01:53:49Z BACKGROUND: Sniffer dogs are able to detect certain chemical particles and are suggest to be capable of helping diagnose some medical conditions and complications, such as colorectal cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, and even critical states such as hypoglycemia in diabetic patients. With the global spread of COVID-19 throughout the world and the need to have a real-time screening of the population, especially in crowded places, this study aimed to investigate the applicability of sniffer dogs to carry out such a task. METHODS: Firstly, three male and female dogs from German shepherd (Saray), German black (Kuzhi) and Labrador (Marco) breeds had been intensively trained throughout the classical conditioning method for 7 weeks. They were introduced to human specimens obtained from the throat and pharyngeal secretions of participants who were already reported positive or negative for SARS-COV-2 infection be RT-PCR. Each dog underwent the conditioning process for almost 1000 times. In the meantime another similar condition process was conducted on clothes and masks of COVID-19 patient using another three male and female dogs from Labrador (Lexi), Border gypsy (Sami), and Golden retriever (Zhico) breeds. In verification test for the first three dogs, 80 pharyngeal secretion samples consisting of 26 positive and 54 negative samples from different medical centers who underwent RT-PCR test were in a single-blind method. In the second verification test for the other three dogs, masks and clothes of 50 RT-PCR positive and 70 RT-PCR negative cases from different medical center were used. RESULTS: In verification test using pharyngeal secretion, the sniffer dogs’ detection capability was associated with a 65% of sensitivity and 89% of specificity and they amanged to identify 17 out of the 26 positive and 48 out of the 54 true negative samples. In the next verification test using patients’ face masks and clothes, 43 out of the 50 positive samples were correctly identified by the dogs. Moreover, out of the 70 negative ... Text sami PubMed Central (PMC) The Throat ENVELOPE(-76.666,-76.666,57.050,57.050) BMC Infectious Diseases 21 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Research Article |
spellingShingle |
Research Article Eskandari, Esmaeil Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad Roudgari, Hassan Hamidi Farahani, Ramin Nezami-Asl, Amir Laripour, Reza Aliyazdi, Helen Dabbagh Moghaddam, Arasb Zibaseresht, Ramin Akbarialiabad, Hossein Yousefi Zoshk, Mojtaba Shiri, Hamidreza Shiri, Mahdi Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
BACKGROUND: Sniffer dogs are able to detect certain chemical particles and are suggest to be capable of helping diagnose some medical conditions and complications, such as colorectal cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, and even critical states such as hypoglycemia in diabetic patients. With the global spread of COVID-19 throughout the world and the need to have a real-time screening of the population, especially in crowded places, this study aimed to investigate the applicability of sniffer dogs to carry out such a task. METHODS: Firstly, three male and female dogs from German shepherd (Saray), German black (Kuzhi) and Labrador (Marco) breeds had been intensively trained throughout the classical conditioning method for 7 weeks. They were introduced to human specimens obtained from the throat and pharyngeal secretions of participants who were already reported positive or negative for SARS-COV-2 infection be RT-PCR. Each dog underwent the conditioning process for almost 1000 times. In the meantime another similar condition process was conducted on clothes and masks of COVID-19 patient using another three male and female dogs from Labrador (Lexi), Border gypsy (Sami), and Golden retriever (Zhico) breeds. In verification test for the first three dogs, 80 pharyngeal secretion samples consisting of 26 positive and 54 negative samples from different medical centers who underwent RT-PCR test were in a single-blind method. In the second verification test for the other three dogs, masks and clothes of 50 RT-PCR positive and 70 RT-PCR negative cases from different medical center were used. RESULTS: In verification test using pharyngeal secretion, the sniffer dogs’ detection capability was associated with a 65% of sensitivity and 89% of specificity and they amanged to identify 17 out of the 26 positive and 48 out of the 54 true negative samples. In the next verification test using patients’ face masks and clothes, 43 out of the 50 positive samples were correctly identified by the dogs. Moreover, out of the 70 negative ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Eskandari, Esmaeil Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad Roudgari, Hassan Hamidi Farahani, Ramin Nezami-Asl, Amir Laripour, Reza Aliyazdi, Helen Dabbagh Moghaddam, Arasb Zibaseresht, Ramin Akbarialiabad, Hossein Yousefi Zoshk, Mojtaba Shiri, Hamidreza Shiri, Mahdi |
author_facet |
Eskandari, Esmaeil Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad Roudgari, Hassan Hamidi Farahani, Ramin Nezami-Asl, Amir Laripour, Reza Aliyazdi, Helen Dabbagh Moghaddam, Arasb Zibaseresht, Ramin Akbarialiabad, Hossein Yousefi Zoshk, Mojtaba Shiri, Hamidreza Shiri, Mahdi |
author_sort |
Eskandari, Esmaeil |
title |
Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study |
title_short |
Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study |
title_full |
Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study |
title_fullStr |
Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for COVID-19: a proof of concept study |
title_sort |
sniffer dogs as a screening/diagnostic tool for covid-19: a proof of concept study |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934999/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673823 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-76.666,-76.666,57.050,57.050) |
geographic |
The Throat |
geographic_facet |
The Throat |
genre |
sami |
genre_facet |
sami |
op_source |
BMC Infect Dis |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934999/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673823 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC0 PDM CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05939-6 |
container_title |
BMC Infectious Diseases |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766185827023454208 |